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Shloka 9

Kṛtavarmā–Sātyaki Chariot Duel and Kaurava Morale Shock (कृतवर्म-सात्यकि-द्वैरथम्)

ततः प्रभग्ना सहसा महाचमू: सा पाण्डवी तेन नराधिपेन । दिशश्चतस्र: सहसा विधाविता गजेन्द्रवेगं तमपारयन्ती,म्लेच्छशज शाल्वने पाण्डवोंकी उस विशाल सेनामें सहसा भगदड़ मचा दी। उस गजराजके वेगको सहन न कर सकनेके कारण वह सेना तत्काल चारों दिशाओंमें भाग चली! उस वेगशालिनी सेनाको भागती देख युद्धस्थलमें खड़े हुए आपके सभी प्रधान- प्रधान योद्धा म्लेच्छशाज शाल्वकी प्रशंसा करने और चन्द्रमाके समान उज्ज्वल शंख बजाने लगे

tataḥ prabhagnā sahasā mahācamūḥ sā pāṇḍavī tena narādhipena | diśaś catasraḥ sahasā vidhāvitā gajendravegaṃ tam apārayantī ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അപ്പോൾ ആ നരാധിപന്റെ കാരണത്താൽ പാണ്ഡവരുടെ ആ മഹാസൈന്യം പെട്ടെന്നു തകർന്നു കലാപമായി. ഗജേന്ദ്രന്റെ വേഗംപോലെയുള്ള ആ പ്രഹരം സഹിക്കാനാകാതെ സൈന്യം ഉടൻ നാലുദിക്കുകളിലേക്കും പാഞ്ഞോടി. ആ വേഗശാലിയായ സൈന്യം ഓടിപ്പോകുന്നത് കണ്ടു, യുദ്ധഭൂമിയിൽ നിന്നിരുന്ന നിങ്ങളുടെ പ്രധാന യോദ്ധാക്കൾ മ്ലേച്ഛരാജൻ ശാൽവനെ പുകഴ്ത്തി, ചന്ദ്രനെപ്പോലെ പ്രകാശിക്കുന്ന ശംഖങ്ങൾ മുഴക്കി.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya
प्रभग्नाbroken, routed
प्रभग्ना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-भग्न (√भञ्ज्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
FormAvyaya
महाचमूःthe great army
महाचमूः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाचमू
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
साthat (she/it)
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवीof the Pandavas (Pandava-side)
पाण्डवी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपाण्डवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तेनby him/thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
नराधिपेनby the king
नराधिपेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
चतस्रःfour
चतस्रः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचतस्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
FormAvyaya
विधाविताwas made to run / was driven to flee
विधाविता:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धावित (√धाव्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular (past passive participle; used predicatively)
गजेन्द्रवेगम्the speed of the lordly elephant
गजेन्द्रवेगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगजेन्द्रवेग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्that (him/it)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपारयन्तीnot being able to withstand / not enduring
अपारयन्ती:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअ-√पॄ (पारयति)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular (present active participle)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍava army (Pāṇḍavī camū)
Ś
Śālva (Mleccha-king)
K
Kaurava leading warriors (implied: 'your foremost warriors')
C
conches (śaṅkha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly collective morale can collapse under overwhelming force, and how battlefield acclaim (praise and conch-blasts) is used to amplify perceived superiority—an ethical reminder that victory and fear often spread through psychological contagion as much as through weapons.

Śālva’s charge is described as having the force of a great elephant; the Pāṇḍava host cannot endure it and scatters in all directions. Seeing this, the leading warriors on Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s side praise Śālva and blow their conches in triumph.