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Shloka 4

शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12

तत:ः शड्खप्रणादश्च तूर्याणां च सहस्रश: । सिंहनादश्न संजज्ञे शूराणां हर्षवर्धन:

tataḥ śaṅkhapraṇādaś ca tūryāṇāṃ ca sahasraśaḥ | siṃhanādaś ca saṃjajñe śūrāṇāṃ harṣavardhanaḥ ||

അപ്പോൾ ശംഖപ്രണാദവും ആയിരക്കണക്കിന് തൂര്യങ്ങളുടെ മുഴക്കവും ഉയർന്നു. ശൂരന്മാരുടെ സിംഹനാദവും പിറന്നു; അത് അവരുടെ ഹർഷം വർധിപ്പിച്ചു.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (तस्मात्/ततः = then/thereupon)
शङ्खप्रणादःthe blare/sound of conches
शङ्खप्रणादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रणाद (प्र + नद् धातु; प्रातिपदिक: प्रणाद) / शङ्ख
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्यय
तूर्याणाम्of musical instruments/trumpets
तूर्याणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootतूर्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्यय
सहस्रशःby thousands, in thousands
सहस्रशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्रशस् (अव्यय; सहस्र + शस्)
Formअव्यय
सिंहनादःlion-roar (war-cry)
सिंहनादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाद (नद् धातु; प्रातिपदिक: नाद) / सिंह
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formअव्यय
संजज्ञेarose, occurred
संजज्ञे:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + जन्
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
शूराणाम्of the heroes/warriors
शूराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
हर्षवर्धनःincreasing joy (joy-enhancing)
हर्षवर्धनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्धन (वृध् धातु; प्रातिपदिक: वर्धन) / हर्ष
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
conch (śaṅkha)
W
war instruments (tūrya)
L
lion-roar/battle-cry (siṃhanāda)
W
warriors (śūrāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how collective sound—conches, instruments, and battle-cries—functions as a force that amplifies emotion and resolve. Ethically, it points to the double-edged nature of martial exhilaration: it can steady courage and unity, yet it can also intensify aggression and propel violence.

As the armies prepare and the confrontation escalates, the battlefield fills with the blaring of conches and the loud music of war-instruments in great numbers. The warriors raise a lion-like roar, boosting their morale and signaling readiness for combat.