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Shloka 86

Nāradasya Rājadharma-praśnāḥ

Nārada’s Examination of Royal Ethics

कच्चिद्‌ द्वौ प्रथमौ यामौ रात्रे: सुप्त्वा विशाम्पते । संचिन्तयसि धर्मार्थो याम उत्थाय पकश्षिमे,प्रजानाथ! क्या तुम रात्रिके (पहले पहरके बाद) जो प्रथम दो (दूसरे-तीसरे) याम हैं, उन्हींमें सोकर अन्तिम पहरमें उठकर बैठ जाते और धर्म एवं अर्थका चिन्तन करते हो?

kaccid dvau prathamau yāmau rātreḥ suptvā viśāmpate | saṃcintayasi dharmārthau yāma utthāya paścime prajānātha ||

നാരദൻ പറഞ്ഞു— പ്രജാനാഥാ! നീ രാത്രിയുടെ ആദ്യ രണ്ട് യാമങ്ങളിൽ നിദ്രിച്ച്, അവസാന യാമത്തിൽ എഴുന്നേറ്റ് ഇരുന്ന് ധർമ്മവും അർത്ഥവും ചിന്തിക്കുന്നുണ്ടോ?

कच्चित्whether?, I hope (that)
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
प्रथमौfirst
प्रथमौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
यामौwatches (of time)
यामौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयाम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
रात्रेःof the night
रात्रेः:
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
सुप्त्वाhaving slept
सुप्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootस्वप्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संचिन्तयसिdo you reflect/ponder
संचिन्तयसि:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-चिन्तय्
FormPresent (Lat), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
धर्मार्थौdharma and artha (duty and prosperity)
धर्मार्थौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
यामेin the watch (of the night)
यामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयाम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
उत्थायhaving risen
उत्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-स्था
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
पश्चिमेin the last (watch)
पश्चिमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपश्चिम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रजानाथO lord of subjects
प्रजानाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजानाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
V
viśāmpati (the king addressed)
P
prajānātha (the king addressed)
D
dharma
A
artha
N
night (rātri)
Y
yāma (night-watch)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should practice disciplined self-governance: regulate sleep and dedicate the clearest hours to deliberating on dharma (justice and duty) and artha (public welfare and policy), so that personal habits support ethical and effective rule.

Nārada is questioning the king in a counsel-like manner, using ‘kaccit’ to inquire about the king’s daily discipline—specifically whether he rises in the last watch of the night to contemplate principles of righteous conduct and practical governance.