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Shloka 46

परानभिमुखांश्रैव सुतस्ते समुपाद्रवत्‌ । ततो दुर्योधन: सर्वानाजुहावाथ पाण्डवान्‌

parānabhimukhāṁś caiva sutas te samupādravat | tato duryodhanaḥ sarvān ājuhāvātha pāṇḍavān ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—നിന്റെ പുത്രൻ നേരെ മുന്നിൽ നിന്ന ശത്രുക്കളുടെ നേരെ തന്നെ പാഞ്ഞുചെന്നു. തുടർന്ന് ദുര്യോധനൻ എല്ലാ പാണ്ഡവരെയും വെല്ലുവിളിച്ചു വിളിച്ചു.

परान्others, the enemies
परान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिमुखान्facing (him), front-facing
अभिमुखान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअभिमुख (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
सुतःson
सुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेof you/thy
ते:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
समुपाद्रवत्ran up/charged
समुपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आजुहावcalled/summoned
आजुहाव:
TypeVerb
Rootह्वा (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अथthen, and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
पाण्डवान्the Pandavas
पाण्डवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, leaders’ choices—charging and issuing challenges—can intensify violence. It implicitly contrasts kṣatriya duty (meeting the foe directly) with the ethical danger of pride and provocation that can eclipse restraint and wise counsel.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana advanced against opponents who were facing him, and then openly called out, summoning/challenging all the Pāṇḍavas to fight—signaling a direct, confrontational phase of the battle.