Shloka 45
Devanagari script
अद्य निर्धान॑राष्ट्रां च भ्रात्रे दास्यामि मेदिनीम्
Transliteration
adya nirdhāna-rāṣṭrāṁ ca bhrātre dāsyāmi medinīm
Translation
സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു— “ഇന്ന് ഈ ഭൂമിയെ ഞാൻ എന്റെ സഹോദരന് ഏല്പിക്കും; ധാർത്തരാഷ്ട്രരെ പൂർണ്ണമായി ദാരിദ്ര്യത്തിലാക്കും.”
Word by Word
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
निर्धानराष्ट्रान्the impoverished (destitute) subjects/people of the realm
निर्धानराष्ट्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्धानराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
भ्रात्रेto (my) brother
भ्रात्रे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
दास्यामिI will give
दास्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (दाने)
FormSimple Future (Luṭ), First, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेदिनीम्the earth (land)
मेदिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमेदिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
स
संजय (Sañjaya)ध
धृतराष्ट्राः / धार्तराष्ट्राः (Dhārtarāṣṭras, i.e., the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)भ
भ्राता (brother, unspecified)म
मेदिनी (the earth/kingdom)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights how, in the Mahābhārata’s war-ethic, sovereignty is treated as a moral trust: victory is imagined not merely as conquest but as rightful transfer of the realm, while wrongdoing is expected to culminate in loss and destitution.
Sañjaya reports a forceful declaration of intent: the speaker vows that on this very day the earth/kingdom will be given to his brother, and that the Dhārtarāṣṭras will be reduced to ruin—signaling an imminent, decisive turn in the battle.