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Shloka 73

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

हन्यामहं केशव तं प्रसहा भीमो हन्यात्‌ तूबरकेति चोक्त: । तन्मे राजा प्रोक्तवांस्ते समक्ष॑ धनुर्देहीत्यसकृद्‌ वृष्णिवीर,दशाईकुलनन्दन! आप तो यह जानते ही हैं कि मेरा व्रत क्या है? मनुष्योंमेंसे जो कोई भी मुझसे यह कह दे कि 'पार्थ! तुम अपना गाण्डीव धनुष किसी दूसरे ऐसे पुरुषको दे दो जो अस्त्रोंके ज्ञान अथवा बलमें तुमसे बढ़कर हो; तो केशव! मैं उसे बलपूर्वक मार डालूँ।' इसी प्रकार भीमसेनको कोई “मूँछ-दाढ़ीरहित” कह दे तो वे उसे मार डालेंगे, वृष्णिवीर! राजा युधिष्ठिरने आपके सामने ही बारंबार मुझसे कहा है कि “तुम अपना धनुष दूसरेको दे दो'

arjuna uvāca | hanyām ahaṃ keśava taṃ prasahā bhīmo hanyāt tūbaraketi coktaḥ | tan me rājā proktavāṃs te samakṣaṃ dhanur dehīty asakṛd vṛṣṇivīra ||

അർജുനൻ പറഞ്ഞു— “കേശവാ! ആരെങ്കിലും എന്നോടു ഇങ്ങനെ പറയുകയാണെങ്കിൽ, ഞാൻ അവനെ ബലപ്രയോഗത്തോടെ വധിക്കും; ഭീമസേനനെ ‘തൂബരക’ (താടി-മീശയില്ലാത്തവൻ) എന്നു വിളിക്കുന്നവനെയും ഭീമൻ കൊല്ലും. വൃഷ്ണിവീരാ! രാജാവ് യുധിഷ്ഠിരൻ നിങ്ങളുടെ സന്നിധിയിലേ തന്നെ പലവട്ടം എന്നോടു— ‘നിന്റെ ധനുസ്സ് കൊടുക്കുക’ എന്നു പറഞ്ഞു.”

हन्याम्I should kill / would kill
हन्याम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Potential/Optative, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
केशवO Keshava
केशव:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रसहाforcibly, by force
प्रसहा:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रसह (अव्ययभावे)
Formtrue
भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हन्यात्would/should kill
हन्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormVidhi-linga, Potential/Optative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
तूबरकO Tūbaraka (address)
तूबरक:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootतूबरक
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतिthus, ‘so’
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formtrue
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
उक्तःsaid, spoken
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → उक्त (कृदन्त)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेto me / of me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Dative/Genitive, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रोक्तवान्has said / said
प्रोक्तवान्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → प्रोक्तवत् (कृदन्त)
FormPerfective past periphrastic/possessive participle (क्तवत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तेof you / your
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
समक्षम्in the presence (of), before
समक्षम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमक्ष
Formtrue
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
देहिgive!
देहि:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
FormLot, Imperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formtrue
असकृत्repeatedly
असकृत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसकृत्
Formtrue
वृष्णि-वीरO hero of the Vrishnis
वृष्णि-वीर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवृष्णि + वीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दशार्ह-कुल-नन्दनO delight of the Dasharha clan
दशार्ह-कुल-नन्दन:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootदशार्ह + कुल + नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Kṛṣṇa (Keśava, Vṛṣṇivīra)
B
Bhīma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (the king)
G
Gāṇḍīva (implied by context: Arjuna’s bow)
B
Bow (dhanuḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how rigid vows tied to personal honor can collide with dharma when spoken words provoke violence. It implicitly raises the ethical question: should one be bound to a rash vow, or should restraint and discernment override pride—especially among allies in a righteous cause.

Arjuna tells Kṛṣṇa that he has a vow to kill anyone who orders him to give away his bow, and he notes a similar vow of Bhīma regarding an insulting epithet. He then points out that Yudhiṣṭhira has repeatedly told him—right in Kṛṣṇa’s presence—to give away his bow, creating a dangerous moral and emotional crisis within the Pāṇḍava camp.