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Shloka 23

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

प्राणिनामवधस्तात सर्वज्यायान्‌ मतो मम । अनृतां वा वदेद्‌ वाचं न तु हिंस्थात्‌ कथंचन,तात! मेरे विचारसे प्राणियोंकी हिंसा न करना ही सबसे श्रेष्ठ धर्म है। किसीकी प्राणरक्षाके लिये झूठ बोलना पड़े तो बोल दे, किंतु उसकी हिंसा किसी तरह न होने दे

prāṇinām avadhas tāta sarvajyāyān mato mama | anṛtāṃ vā vaded vācaṃ na tu hiṃsyāt kathaṃcana ||

ശ്രീകൃഷ്ണൻ പറഞ്ഞു— പ്രിയനേ, എന്റെ അഭിപ്രായത്തിൽ എല്ലാറ്റിലും ശ്രേഷ്ഠമായ മാർഗം ഇതാണ്: ജീവികളെ കൊല്ലരുത്. ഒരാളുടെ ജീവൻ രക്ഷിക്കാൻ അസത്യം പറയേണ്ടിവന്നാലും പറയുക; എന്നാൽ യാതൊരു വിധത്തിലും ആ ജീവിയോട് ഹിംസ ചെയ്യരുത്।

प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अवधःnon-killing
अवधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one / son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सर्वज्यायान्the best of all / superior to all
सर्वज्यायान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वज्यायस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मतःconsidered
मतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अनृताम्untrue (false)
अनृताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनृत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाor / even
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
वदेत्should speak
वदेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाचम्speech / words
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
हिंस्यात्should harm / should kill
हिंस्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहिंस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथंचनin any way / at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
तातdear one / son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse prioritizes protection of life (ahiṃsā/avadha) as the highest ethical duty, even above strict truth-telling; if a false statement is necessary to save a life, it is permitted, but harming a living being is not.

In the Karṇa Parva’s war context, Śrī Kṛṣṇa instructs his listener with a moral principle suited to crisis: when duties conflict, preserving life is to be treated as paramount, and speech may be adjusted accordingly, but violence must be avoided.