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Shloka 4

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ५९

Arjuna Breaks the Encirclement; Bhīma Reinforces

एष दुर्योधन: पार्थ रथानीकेन दंशित: । राजा सर्वस्य लोकस्य राजानमनुधावति,'पार्थ! यह सम्पूर्ण जगत्‌का राजा दुर्योधन कवच धारण करके रथसेनाके साथ राजा युधिष्ठिरका पीछा कर रहा है

eṣa duryodhanaḥ pārtha rathānīkena daṃśitaḥ | rājā sarvasya lokasya rājānam anudhāvati ||

ഓ പാർഥാ! ഇതാ ദുര്യോധനൻ കവചധാരിയായി രഥസേനയോടെ മുന്നേറുന്നു. സർവ്വലോകത്തിന്റെ രാജാവെന്നു സ്വയം വിളിക്കുന്നവൻ തന്നെയാണ് ഇപ്പോൾ രാജാ യുധിഷ്ഠിരനെ പിന്തുടരുന്നത്.

एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रथानीकेनwith a chariot-division (chariot-army)
रथानीकेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथानीक
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दंशितःarmoured, equipped (in armour)
दंशितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदंशित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वस्यof all
सर्वस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
लोकस्यof the world/people
लोकस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
राजानम्the king (object)
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अनुधावतिpursues, runs after
अनुधावति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-धाव्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
D
Duryodhana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
R
ratha (chariot)
R
rathānīka (chariot-host)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral irony of power-claims: one who calls himself “king of the whole world” is still ruled by anger and ambition, chasing an opponent in war. It implicitly contrasts external sovereignty with inner self-mastery, a key ethical lens in the Mahābhārata.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Duryodhana, fully armed and accompanied by a chariot-force, is pursuing King Yudhiṣṭhira on the battlefield, intensifying the confrontation in the Karṇa Parva.