Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 38

Bhīmasena–Drauṇi Mahāyuddha

Chariot Duel and Astra-Exchange

हयह्लेषितशब्दाश्न वारणानां च बूंहताम्‌ । रथनेमिस्वनाश्षोग्रा: सम्बभूवुर्जनाधिप,जनेश्वर! घोड़ोंके हींसने, हाथियोंके चिग्चाड़ने तथा रथके पहियोंके घरघरानेके भयंकर शब्द प्रकट होने लगे

haya-hleṣita-śabdāś ca vāraṇānāṃ ca bṛṃhatām | ratha-nemi-svanāś cogrāḥ sambabhūvur janādhipa, janeśvara ||

ജനാധിപാ, എല്ലാടവും ഭീകരശബ്ദങ്ങൾ ഉയർന്നു—കുതിരകളുടെ ഹ്രേഷണം, ആനകളുടെ ഗർജ്ജനം, രഥചക്രങ്ങളുടെ ഭയാനക ഗർഗ്ഗരം.

हयof horses
हय:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
ह्रेषितneighing
ह्रेषित:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootह्रेषित (ह्रेष् + क्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शब्दाःsounds
शब्दाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशब्द
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वारणानाम्of elephants
वारणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवारण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बृंहताम्of (those) roaring/trumpeting
बृंहताम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबृंहत् (बृंह् + शतृ)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रथof the chariot
रथ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नेमिof the rim/wheel
नेमि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनेमि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
स्वनाःnoises/rumblings
स्वनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
उग्राःterrible, fierce
उग्राः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम्बभूवुःarose, came into being
सम्बभूवुः:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (सम् + भू)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
जनाधिपO lord of people (king)
जनाधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootजनाधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जनेश्वरO ruler of men
जनेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootजनेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by the vocatives janādhipa/janeśvara)
H
horses
E
elephants
C
chariots
C
chariot wheels

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the moral gravity of war: before weapons strike, the very sounds of armies announce an irreversible movement toward violence. It frames the battle as a dharmic crisis—where kṣatriya duty and the consequences of conflict become unavoidable realities.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the battlefield has erupted in terrifying noise—horses neighing, elephants trumpeting, and chariot wheels roaring—indicating that the armies have fully engaged and the combat is intensifying.