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Shloka 23

कर्णसेनापत्यारम्भः — Karṇa’s Appointment and the Report to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Chapter 1

तथैव चान्यान्‌ सुह्ृद:ः पुत्रान्‌ पौत्रांश्व पातितान्‌ । श्रुत्वा यन्नाजहात्‌ प्राणांस्तन्मन्ये दुष्करं द्विज,ब्रह्मन! उन्होंने वृद्ध शान्तनुनन्दन भीष्म, बाह्नीक, द्रोण, सोमदत्त तथा भूरिश्रवाको और अन्यान्य सुहृदों, पुत्रों एवं पौत्रोंको भी शत्रुओंद्वारा मारा गया सुनकर भी जो अपने प्राण नहीं छोड़े, उससे मुझे यही मालूम होता है कि मनुष्यके लिये स्वेच्छापूर्वक मरना बहुत कठिन है

tathaiva cānyān suhṛdaḥ putrān pautrāṁś ca pātitān | śrutvā yan nājahāt prāṇāṁs tan manye duṣkaraṁ dvija ||

ജനമേജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു—അതുപോലെ മറ്റു സുഹൃത്തുക്കളും പുത്രന്മാരും പൗത്രന്മാരും വീണുവെന്നു കേട്ടിട്ടും അവൻ ജീവൻ ഉപേക്ഷിച്ചില്ല; ഹേ ദ്വിജാ, ഇത് അത്യന്തം ദുഷ്കരമാണെന്ന് ഞാൻ കരുതുന്നു.

तथाthus, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यान्other
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सुहृदःfriends, well-wishers
सुहृदः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पौत्रान्grandsons
पौत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पातितान्felled, slain
पातितान्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active, Prior action
यत्who
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अजहात्abandoned, gave up
अजहात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormLuṅ (Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
प्राणान्life-breaths, life
प्राणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मन्येI think, I consider
मन्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootमन्
FormLaṭ (Present), Ātmanepada, 1st, Singular
दुष्करम्difficult
दुष्करम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदुष्कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
द्विजO twice-born (brahmin)
द्विज:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्रह्मन्O brahmin
ब्रह्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

जनमेजय उवाच

J
Janamejaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a psychological-ethical insight: even amid overwhelming bereavement, relinquishing life by sheer will is not easy; the instinct to live and the complexity of human duty and attachment make voluntary death a difficult act.

Janamejaya, listening to the war account, reflects on how someone who heard that many close relations—friends, sons, and grandsons—had been killed still did not give up his life, and he asks the sage to note how hard it is for a person to choose death intentionally.