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Shloka 16

Adhyāya 6: Pañca-mahābhūta–guṇa-nirdeśa and Sudarśana-dvīpa

Five Elements, Sensory Qualities, and a Cosmographic Island

तमादित्यो<नुपर्येति सततं ज्योतिषां वर: । चन्द्रमाश्न॒ सनक्षत्रो वायुश्नैव प्रदक्षिण:,ज्योतिर्मय ग्रहोंमें सर्वश्रेष्ठ सूर्यदेव, नक्षत्रोंसहित चन्द्रमा तथा वायुदेव भी प्रदक्षिणक्रमसे सदा मेरुगिरिकी परिक्रमा करते रहते हैं

tam ādityo 'nuparyeti satataṁ jyotiṣāṁ varaḥ | candramāś ca sanakṣatro vāyuś caiva pradakṣiṇaḥ ||

സഞ്ജയൻ പറഞ്ഞു— ജ്യോതിസ്സുകളിൽ ശ്രേഷ്ഠനായ ആദിത്യൻ (സൂര്യൻ) നിരന്തരം അതിനെ ചുറ്റി സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്നു; നക്ഷത്രങ്ങളോടുകൂടിയ ചന്ദ്രനും വായുദേവനും സദാ പ്രദക്ഷിണക്രമത്തിൽ പരിക്രമണം ചെയ്യുന്നു।

तम्him/that (Meru)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आदित्यःthe Sun (Aditya)
आदित्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनुपर्येतिgoes around, circumambulates
अनुपर्येति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-परि-इ (एति)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सततम्always, continuously
सततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसतत
ज्योतिषाम्of the luminaries
ज्योतिषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
वरःthe best, excellent
वरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चन्द्रमाःthe Moon
चन्द्रमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचन्द्रमस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नक्षत्रःthe constellation(s)/stars
नक्षत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वायुःWind (Vayu)
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
also/and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रदक्षिणःmoving rightward; in circumambulation
प्रदक्षिणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदक्षिण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ā
Āditya (Sun)
C
Candramas (Moon)
N
Nakṣatras (constellations/asterisms)
V
Vāyu (Wind)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights that the cosmos runs by an inviolable order: even mighty forces like the Sun, Moon, stars, and Wind follow a prescribed, auspicious course. This serves as a reminder that dharma is not merely social law but a universal principle of right order.

Sañjaya describes a cosmic scene in which the Sun, the Moon with the constellations, and the Wind continually move in a rightward circuit around a central axis (understood in traditional cosmology as Meru or the world’s pivot), emphasizing the grandeur and regularity of the universe.