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Shloka 13

Bhīṣma Parva, Adhyāya 4 — Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Vyāsa Saṃvāda on Kāla and Jayalakṣaṇa

Signs of Victory

ग्राम्याणां पुरुषा: श्रेष्ठा: सिंहाश्वारण्यवासिनाम्‌ | सर्वेषामेव भूतानामन्योन्येनोपजीवनम्‌,ग्रामवासी पशु और मनुष्योंमें मनुष्य श्रेष्ठ हैं और वनवासी पशुओंमें सिंह श्रेष्ठ हैं। समस्त प्राणियोंका जीवन-निर्वाह एक-दूसरेके सहयोगसे होता है

grāmyāṇāṃ puruṣāḥ śreṣṭhāḥ siṃhāśvārṇyavāsinām | sarveṣām eva bhūtānām anyonyenopajīvanam ||

ഗ്രാമ്യജീവികളിൽ മനുഷ്യൻ ശ്രേഷ്ഠൻ; അരണ്യവാസി മൃഗങ്ങളിൽ സിംഹം ശ്രേഷ്ഠം. സത്യത്തിൽ, എല്ലാ ജീവികളുടെയും ജീവനം പരസ്പരാശ്രയത്താൽ തന്നെയാണ്—ഒരുത്തൻ മറ്റൊരുത്തന്റെ സഹായത്താൽ ജീവിക്കുന്നു.

ग्राम्याणाम्of village(-dwelling beings)
ग्राम्याणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootग्राम्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
पुरुषाःmen/humans
पुरुषाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
श्रेष्ठाःare the best
श्रेष्ठाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सिंहाःlions
सिंहाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्वhorse
अश्व:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
आरण्यवासिनाम्of forest-dwellers
आरण्यवासिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआरण्यवासिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
भूतानाम्of living beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अन्योन्येनby one another / mutually
अन्योन्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्योन्य
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
उपजीवनम्subsistence/livelihood
उपजीवनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपजीवन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
H
human beings (puruṣāḥ)
L
lion (siṃha)

Educational Q&A

All beings sustain themselves through mutual dependence; life is maintained by cooperation and interconnected support, which frames an ethical vision of society and nature.

Sañjaya offers a general observation about hierarchy and excellence (humans among village-dwellers, the lion among forest creatures) and then draws a broader principle: the world functions through reciprocal support among living beings.