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Shloka 6

Sainyavinyāsa–Lakṣaṇa (Disposition of Armies and Battlefield Omens) | सैन्यविन्यास–लक्षणम्

चक्रे वायु: पृष्ठत: पाण्डवानां धार्तराष्ट्रज्शवापदा व्याहरन्त । गजेन्द्राणां मदगन्धां श्व॒ तीव्रान्‌ न सेहिरे तव पुत्रस्य नागा:

cakre vāyuḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ pāṇḍavānāṃ dhārtarāṣṭrāś ca śvapadā vyāharan | gajendrāṇāṃ madagandhāṃś ca tīvrān na sehire tava putrasya nāgāḥ ||

പാണ്ഡവസേനയുടെ പിന്നിൽ നിന്ന് അനുകൂലമായ കാറ്റ് വീശി; ധൃതരാഷ്ട്രപുത്രരുടെ ഭാഗത്തേക്ക് നോക്കി ശ്വാപദാദി ക്രൂരമൃഗങ്ങൾ അപശകുനധ്വനികൾ മുഴക്കി. നിന്റെ പുത്രന്റെ സേനയിലെ ആനകൾ പാണ്ഡവപക്ഷത്തിലെ ഗജേന്ദ്രന്മാരുടെ കഠിനമായ മദഗന്ധം സഹിക്കാനായില്ല.

चक्रेmade/caused
चक्रे:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वायुःthe wind
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पृष्ठतःfrom behind/at the back
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठ
FormAdverb (ablatival)
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
धार्तराष्ट्राःthe Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas)
धार्तराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
श्वापदाःwild beasts/predators
श्वापदाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्वापद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्याहरन्cried out/uttered
व्याहरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्याहृ
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
गजेन्द्राणाम्of the lordly elephants
गजेन्द्राणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootगजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मदगन्धान्musth-smells (odours of rut)
मदगन्धान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमदगन्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
श्वःindeclinable (uncertain in this reading)
श्वः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्वस्/श्वः
FormParticle/indeclinable (textual reading uncertain)
तीव्रान्strong/intense
तीव्रान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormNegation
सेहिरेendured/tolerated
सेहिरे:
TypeVerb
Rootसह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Plural, Ātmanepada
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form2, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रस्यof (your) son
पुत्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नागाःelephants
नागाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
D
Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas)
D
Duryodhana (implied by 'tava putrasya')
W
wind (vāyu)
W
wild beasts (śvapadāḥ)
E
elephants (nāgāḥ, gajendrāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how nature and battlefield omens are read as indicators of moral and strategic momentum: favorable conditions align with the side perceived as more righteous, while fear and disorder appear among the opposing forces.

Sañjaya reports signs on the battlefield: the wind supports the Pāṇḍavas from behind, ominous cries arise among the Kaurava side, and Duryodhana’s elephants are unsettled and unable to bear the intense must-scent of powerful elephants—suggesting disadvantage for the Kauravas.