Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 24

Mind as Charioteer; Kṣetrajña, Tapas, and Dhyāna-Yoga

Adhyātma-Upadeśa

यावद्‌ रथपथस्तावदू रथेन स तु गच्छति । क्षीणे रथपदे विद्वान्‌ रथमुत्सूज्य गच्छति

yāvad rathapathas tāvadū rathena sa tu gacchati | kṣīṇe rathapade vidvān ratham utsṛjya gacchati |

വായു പറഞ്ഞു—രഥപഥം ഉള്ളിടത്തോളം അവൻ രഥത്തിൽ തന്നെ പോകുന്നു. രഥപദം ക്ഷയിച്ചാൽ ജ്ഞാനി രഥം ഉപേക്ഷിച്ച് മുന്നേറുന്നു. അതുപോലെ മൂഢൻ ഒരേയൊരു ഉപായത്തിൽ പിടിച്ചുനിൽക്കുകയും ഭൂമിയുടെ വ്യത്യാസത്തിൽ കഷ്ടപ്പെടുകയും ചെയ്യും; ധീരൻ മാർഗത്തിന്റെ പരിധി അറിഞ്ഞ് യഥോചിതമായി മാർഗം മാറ്റുന്നു.

यावत्as far as / so long as
यावत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (yāvat=tāvat construction)
रथपथःthe chariot-road / path for a chariot
रथपथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथपथ
Formmasculine, nominative singular
तावत्up to that extent / that long
तावत्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (yāvat=tāvat construction)
रथेनby/with a chariot
रथेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, instrumental singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
Formparticle
गच्छतिgoes
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
क्षीणेwhen (it is) exhausted/ended
क्षीणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षीण
Formlocative singular; agrees with रथपदे (neuter locative singular)
रथपदेwhen the chariot-track/road ends
रथपदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथपद
Formneuter, locative singular
विद्वान्the wise man
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
Formmasculine, nominative singular
रथम्the chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, accusative singular
उत्सृज्यhaving left/abandoned
उत्सृज्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-√सृज्
Formabsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), having abandoned/left
गच्छतिgoes (on foot)
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Wind-god)
R
ratha (chariot)
R
rathapatha (chariot-road/path)

Educational Q&A

Use appropriate means only as long as they are effective and fitting; when circumstances change, the wise relinquish attachment to a tool or method and proceed by a better-suited way. Clinging rigidly to one approach leads to needless suffering.

Vāyu illustrates a moral point through a travel metaphor: a chariot is useful on a proper road, but once the track ends, continuing with it is impractical. The example contrasts the foolish person’s stubbornness with the wise person’s discernment and flexibility.