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Shloka 1

Mind as Charioteer; Kṣetrajña, Tapas, and Dhyāna-Yoga

Adhyātma-Upadeśa

ऑपन-माज बक। डे पजञ्चाशत्तमो<्ध्याय: सत्त्व और पुरुषकी भिन्नता

brahmovāca—hanta vaḥ saṃpravakṣyāmi yan māṃ pṛcchatha sattamāḥ | guruṇā śiṣyam āsādya yad uktaṃ tan nibodhata ||

ബ്രഹ്മാവ് അരുളിച്ചെയ്തു—ഹേ ശ്രേഷ്ഠ ഋഷിമാരേ! നിങ്ങൾ എന്നോടു ചോദിച്ചതെല്ലാം ഇപ്പോൾ ഞാൻ പ്രസ്താവിക്കുന്നു. ഗുരു യോഗ്യനായ ശിഷ്യനെ ലഭിച്ചപ്പോൾ നൽകിയ ഉപദേശത്തെ ശ്രദ്ധയോടെ കേൾക്കുവിൻ.

ब्रह्मोवाचBrahmā said
ब्रह्मोवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रह्मन् + उवाच(वच्)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
हन्तindeed / well then
हन्त:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहन्त
वःto you (all)
वः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Dative, Plural
संप्रवक्ष्यामिI shall explain fully
संप्रवक्ष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + प्र + वच्
FormFuture (लृट्), 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Accusative, Singular
पृच्छथyou ask
पृच्छथ:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormPresent (लट्), 2, Plural, Parasmaipada
सत्तमाःO best ones
सत्तमाः:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Plural
गुरुणाby the teacher
गुरुणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शिष्यम्a disciple
शिष्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आसाद्यhaving obtained / having met
आसाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + सद्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
यत्what(ever)
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उक्तम्said / spoken
उक्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निबोधतunderstand / listen attentively
निबोधत:
TypeVerb
Rootनि + बुध्
FormImperative (लोट्), 2, Plural, Parasmaipada

वायुदेव उवाच

B
Brahmā
S
sages (mahārṣis / sattamāḥ)
G
guru (teacher)
Ś
śiṣya (disciple)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames knowledge as a disciplined transmission: when a teacher finds a fit disciple, the instruction given is to be received with attentive understanding. It emphasizes receptivity, worthiness, and careful listening as ethical prerequisites for higher teaching.

A group of eminent sages has questioned the speaker; Brahmā responds by announcing that he will now expound the requested topic and urges them to attend to the teaching, presented in the model of guru-to-disciple instruction.