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Shloka 63

Puṣkara-Śapatha Itihāsa (Agastya–Indra Dispute at the Tīrthas) | पुष्कर-शपथ-आख्यानम्

विश्वामित्र उवाच नैतस्येह यथास्माकं शभश्रच्छास्त्रं जरद्गव: | अलस: क्षुत्परो मूर्खस्तेन पीवाउछुना सह,विश्वामित्रने कहा--हमलोगोंका भूखके मारे सनातन शास्त्र विस्मृत हो गया है और शास्त्रोक्त धर्म भी क्षीण हो चला है। ऐसी दशा इसकी नहीं है तथा यह आलसी, केवल पेटकी भूख बुझानेमें ही लगा हुआ और मूर्ख है। इसीलिये यह कुत्तेके साथ मोटा हो गया है

Viśvāmitra uvāca: naitasyeha yathāsmākaṃ śabhaśracchāstraṃ jaradgavaḥ | alasaḥ kṣutparo mūrkhas tena pīvāucchunā saha ||

വിശ്വാമിത്രൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ ജരദ്ഗവാ! വിശപ്പിന്റെ സമ്മർദ്ദത്തിൽ ഞങ്ങളുടെ ശാശ്വത ശാസ്ത്രം മറന്നുപോയതുപോലെയും ശാസ്ത്രോക്ത ധർമ്മം മങ്ങിയതുപോലെയും ഇവനിൽ അല്ല. ഇവൻ അലസൻ, വയർ നിറയ്ക്കാനുള്ള ത്വരയിൽ മാത്രം നയിക്കപ്പെടുന്ന മൂഢൻ; അതുകൊണ്ടാണ് ആ നായയോടൊപ്പം പോലും പുഷ്ടനായത്.

विश्वामित्रःViśvāmitra
विश्वामित्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वामित्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतस्यof this (one)
एतस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
यथाas, like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अस्माकम्of us
अस्माकम्:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
शस्त्रच्छास्त्रम्weapons and scriptures (the lore of arms and sacred teaching)
शस्त्रच्छास्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र-शास्त्र
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
जरद्गवःJaratgava (name; lit. 'old bull')
जरद्गवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजरद्गव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अलसःlazy
अलसः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअलस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षुत्परःintent only on hunger/food
क्षुत्परः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुत्-पर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मूर्खःa fool
मूर्खः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्ख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तेनtherefore; by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
पीवौthe two became fat
पीवौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपीन/पीव (adj. 'fat')
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
उच्छुनाwith a dog
उच्छुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउच्छु (interpreted as 'dog')
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

विश्वामित्र उवाच

V
Viśvāmitra
J
Jaradgava
Ś
śāstra
Ś
śunā (dog)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts two ethical conditions: (1) people whose adherence to śāstra and dharma has weakened due to extreme hunger, and (2) a person who is not compelled by hardship but is simply lazy, appetite-driven, and foolish. It implies that moral failure born of necessity is different from moral failure born of indulgence and ignorance.

Viśvāmitra addresses Jaradgava and comments on a certain individual. He argues that the person should not be excused as someone forced into compromise by hunger (as ‘we’ are), but should be judged as lazy and gluttonous—symbolically shown by becoming fat while associating with a dog.