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Shloka 11

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

कुशीलवो देवलको नक्षत्रैर्यश्न॒ जीवति । ईदृशैब्राह्मिणैर्भुक्तमपांक्तेयैर्युधिष्ठिर

kuśīlavo devalako nakṣatrair yaśna jīvati | īdṛśair brāhmiṇair bhuktam apāṅkteyair yudhiṣṭhira ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—യുധിഷ്ഠിരാ! കുശീലവൻ (അലയുന്ന ഗായക-നടൻ), ദേവലകൻ (വേതനത്തിനായി ക്ഷേത്രസേവ ചെയ്യുന്നവൻ), കൂടാതെ നക്ഷത്രവിദ്യ/ജ്യോതിഷംകൊണ്ട് ജീവിക്കുന്നവൻ—ഇത്തരത്തിലുള്ള ബ്രാഹ്മണർ അപാങ്ക്തേയർ (പങ്ക്തിഭോജനത്തിന് അയോഗ്യർ) എന്നു കണക്കാക്കപ്പെടുന്നു; അവരുടെ കൂട്ടത്തിൽ ഭക്ഷണം കഴിച്ചാൽ ആ ഭോജനം ധർമ്മപരമായി കലുഷിതമാകുന്നു.

कुशीलवःa bard/actor (kuśīlava)
कुशीलवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुशीलव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवलकःa temple-priest/one who lives by serving a deity (devalaka)
देवलकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवलक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नक्षत्रैःby/through stars (astrology)
नक्षत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनक्षत्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवतिlives/earns a living
जीवति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ईदृशैःby such (people)
ईदृशैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
ब्राह्मिणैःby brahmins (of such kind)
ब्राह्मिणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मिण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भुक्तम्eaten/consumed
भुक्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
अपाङ्क्तेयैःby those unfit to sit in the (dining) row / outcast-from-the-line
अपाङ्क्तेयैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअपाङ्क्तेय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
kuśīlava
D
devalaka
N
nakṣatra

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma emphasizes that dharma is affected not only by what one eats but also by whose company and whose livelihood-ethics are involved. Certain professions or modes of living, when adopted by Brahmins (as understood in this dharma-discourse), render them ‘apāṅkteya’—unfit for the ritual dining line—so sharing food with them is treated as ethically and ritually contaminating.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, including rules of conduct, gifts, and purity. Here he lists categories of Brahmins whose livelihoods are considered improper in this framework (performer, hired temple-servant, astrologer-by-trade) and warns that meals associated with such ‘apāṅkteya’ persons are blameworthy.