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Shloka 10

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

श्वभिश्व यः परिक्रामेद्‌ य: शुना दष्ट एव च । परिवित्तिश्न यश्चव स्याद्‌ दुश्चर्मा गुरुतल्पग:

śvabhiśva yaḥ parikrāmed yaḥ śunā daṣṭa eva ca | parivittiṣṇ yaś caiva syād duścarmā gurutalpagaḥ ||

ഭീഷ്മൻ പറഞ്ഞു—നായകളുടെയും കുതിരകളുടെയും കൂട്ടത്തിൽ അലഞ്ഞുനടക്കുന്നവൻ, നായ കടിച്ചവൻ, ‘പരിവിത്തി’ (സമൂഹം നിന്ദിക്കുന്ന വിവാഹസ്ഥിതി)യിൽ ജീവിക്കുന്നവൻ, ദുർഗന്ധമുള്ള ചർമ്മരോഗം ബാധിച്ചവൻ, കൂടാതെ ഗുരുതൽപഗൻ (ഗുരുവിന്റെ ശയ്യ ലംഘിക്കുന്നവൻ)—ഇവരെ ഇവിടെ ഗുരുതര അശൗചത്തിലും നിന്ദ്യാചരണത്തിലുംപ്പെട്ടവരെന്ന് പറയുന്നു; കർമ്മകാണ്ഡത്തിലും സാമൂഹ്യമര്യാദയിലും ഇവരെക്കുറിച്ച് കർശന ജാഗ്രത വേണം.

श्वभिःby/with dogs
श्वभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
श्वby/with a dog
श्व:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परिक्रामेत्should go around / circumambulate
परिक्रामेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-क्रम्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शुनाby a dog
शुना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दष्टःbitten
दष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदंश्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परिवित्तिःthe state of being passed over (by a younger brother marrying first)
परिवित्तिः:
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवित्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
स्यात्should be / would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular
दुश्चर्माone having bad skin (a leper/skin-diseased person)
दुश्चर्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुश्चर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गुरुतल्पगःone who violates the teacher's bed (incest/adultery with guru's wife)
गुरुतल्पगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुरुतल्पग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
G
guru (teacher)
D
dogs
H
horses

Educational Q&A

The verse lists categories of persons regarded as bearing serious impurity or blame in dharma-discourse—especially those linked with socially censured conditions and the grave sin of violating the guru’s bed—implying the need for restraint, avoidance, or expiatory measures in ritual and social dealings.

In Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising on dharma by enumerating types of conduct and conditions treated as highly polluting or reprehensible, as part of broader guidance on purity, social norms, and the consequences of transgression.