Anushasana Parva Adhyaya 156 Shloka 13 - Mahabharata | Malayalam | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 13

Devanagari script

नमो<स्त्वृषिभ्य: परमं परेषां देवेषु देवं वरदं वराणाम्‌ सहस्रशीर्षाय नम: शिवाय सहस्ननामाय जनार्दनाय

Transliteration

bhīṣma uvāca |

namo 'stv ṛṣibhyaḥ paramaṃ pareṣāṃ deveṣu devaṃ varadaṃ varāṇām |

sahasraśīrṣāya namaḥ śivāya sahasranāmāya janārdanāya ||

vṛṣākapiś ca śambhuś ca havano 'theśvaras tathā |

ekādaśaite prathitā rudrās tribhuvaneśvarāḥ ||

ajai kapād ahirbudhnyaḥ pinākī aparājitaḥ |

ṛtaḥ pitṛrūpas tryambako maheśvaro vṛṣākapiḥ śambhur havana īśvaraḥ ||

Translation

പരമന്മാരിൽ പരമന്മാരായ ഋഷികൾക്കു നമസ്കാരം. ദേവന്മാരിൽ ദേവനായ, വരദാതാക്കളിൽ ശ്രേഷ്ഠനായ വരദാതാവിനു നമസ്കാരം. സഹസ്രമസ്തകനായ ശിവനു നമസ്കാരം; സഹസ്രനാമധാരിയായ ജനാർദനനു നമസ്കാരം. വൃഷാകപി, ശംഭു, ഹവന, അതുപോലെ ഈശ്വരൻ—ഇവർ ത്രിഭുവനേശ്വരന്മാരായ പ്രസിദ്ധ ഏകാദശ റുദ്രന്മാർ।

Word by Word

नमःsalutation

तुindeed/and

ऋषिभ्यःto the sages

परमम्supreme (salutation)

परेषाम्of the highest/others (i.e., the foremost)

देवेषुamong the gods

देवम्the god

वरदम्boon-giving

वराणाम्of the excellent/boons

सहस्रशीर्षायto the thousand-headed one

नमःsalutation

शिवायto Śiva

सहस्रनामायto the thousand-named one

जनार्दनायto Janārdana

वृषाकपिःVṛṣākapi (a Rudra-name)

शम्भुःŚambhu

हवनःHavana (a Rudra-name)

अथand/then

ईश्वरःĪśvara

तथाthus/also

एकादशeleven

एतेthese

प्रथिताःrenowned/celebrated

रुद्राःRudras

त्रिभुवनेश्वराःlords of the three worlds

अजैकपात्Ajāikapād (a Rudra-name)

अहिर्बुध्न्यःAhirbudhnya (a Rudra-name)

पिनाकीPinākin (bearer of the bow Pināka)

अपराजितःunconquered

ऋतःṚta (cosmic order; as a name)

पितृरूपःof the form of the Pitṛs

त्र्यम्बकःTryambaka (three-eyed)

महेश्वरःMaheśvara (great lord)

वृषाकपिःVṛṣākapi

शम्भुःŚambhu

हवनःHavana

ईश्वरःĪśvara

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Ṛ

Ṛṣis (seers)

Śiva (Rudra)

Janārdana

Eleven Rudras

Vṛṣākapi

Śambhu

Havana

Īśvara

Ajaikapād

Ahirbudhnya

Pinākī

Aparājita

Ṛ

Ṛta

Pitṛrūpa

Tryambaka

Maheśvara

Three worlds (tribhuvana)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse teaches reverential devotion through divine praise: recognizing the supreme lordship and many epithets/forms of Rudra-Śiva (the eleven Rudras), and honoring the seers as transmitters of sacred knowledge.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and religious duties; here he offers a hymn-like salutation, naming and affirming the famed eleven Rudras as rulers of the three worlds.