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Shloka 62

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच ब्राह्मणा लोकसारेण सृष्टा धात्रा गुणार्थिना । लोकांस्तारयितुं कृत्स्नान्‌ मर्त्येषु क्षितिदेवता:

śrīmaheśvara uvāca | brāhmaṇā lokasāreṇa sṛṣṭā dhātrā guṇārthinā | lokāṁstārayituṁ kṛtsnān martyeṣu kṣitidevatāḥ ||

ശ്രീമഹേശ്വരൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ദേവി! ഗുണഫലാഭിലാഷത്തോടെ സൃഷ്ടികർത്താവായ ധാതാവ് ലോകസാരത്തിൽ നിന്നു മർത്ത്യലോകത്തിൽ ബ്രാഹ്മണരെ സൃഷ്ടിച്ചു, സർവ്വലോകങ്ങളെയും കല്യാണത്തിലേക്കും ഉത്തരണത്തിലേക്കും നയിക്കാനായി. മനുഷ്യരിൽ അവർ ‘ക്ഷിതിദേവതകൾ’ ആകുന്നു; അതുകൊണ്ട് ആദ്യം അവരുടെ ധർമ്മം, കർമ്മങ്ങൾ, അവയുടെ ഫലങ്ങൾ എന്നിവ ഞാൻ വിവരിക്കുന്നു; ബ്രാഹ്മണരിൽ ഉള്ള ധർമ്മം തന്നെയാണ് പരമധർമ്മമായി കരുതപ്പെടുന്നത്.

श्रीमहेश्वरःŚrī Maheśvara (Lord Śiva)
श्रीमहेश्वरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रीमहेश्वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्राह्मणाःBrāhmaṇas
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
लोकसारेणby/with the essence of the worlds
लोकसारेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलोकसार
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सृष्टाःcreated
सृष्टाः:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज्
FormPast Passive Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
धात्राby the Creator (Dhātṛ/Brahmā)
धात्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधातृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
गुणार्थिनाdesiring qualities/virtues (lit. one whose aim is guṇas)
गुणार्थिना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootगुणार्थिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
लोकान्the worlds
लोकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तारयितुम्to deliver/save/carry across
तारयितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
FormInfinitive (tumun)
कृत्स्नान्all, entire
कृत्स्नान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मर्त्येषुamong mortals / in the mortal world
मर्त्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
क्षितिदेवताःearth-deities (deities of the earth)
क्षितिदेवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षितिदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Śiva)
D
Devī (Pārvatī/Umā)
D
Dhātṛ (the Creator, Brahmā)
B
Brāhmaṇas
L
loka (the worlds)
M
martya-loka (mortal world/earth)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts that Brāhmaṇas are created from the ‘essence of the world’ to guide and uplift society; hence their dharma—grounded in learning, restraint, and ritual responsibility—is presented as paradigmatic and ‘highest’ in the text’s ethical hierarchy.

Śiva (Śrī Maheśvara) addresses Devī and begins a discourse on Brāhmaṇa-dharma, explaining their cosmic origin by the Creator and announcing that he will first describe their duties and the results of their prescribed actions.