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Shloka 27

Umā–Maheśvara-saṃvāda: Varṇa-bhraṃśa, Ācāra (Vṛtta), and Karmic Ascent/Decline

पितरस्तस्य देवाक्ष॒ अग्नयश्ष तथैव हि । निराशा: प्रतिगच्छन्ति अतिथेरप्रतिग्रहात्‌

pitaras tasya devāś ca agnayaś ca tathaiva hi | nirāśāḥ pratigacchanti atither apratigrahāt ||

ആരുടെ വീട്ടിൽ നിന്ന് അതിഥി യഥോചിതമായ സ്വീകരണവും ആദരവും ലഭിക്കാതെ നിരാശനായി മടങ്ങിപ്പോകുന്നുവോ, ആ വീട്ടിൽ നിന്ന് ദേവന്മാരും പിതൃക്കളും അഗ്നിയും അതുപോലെ തന്നെ നിരാശരായി മടങ്ങിപ്പോകുന്നു।

पितरःthe Pitṛs (manes/ancestors)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तस्यof him/of that (person)
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अग्नयःthe fires (sacred fires)
अग्नयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor/indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
निराशाःdisappointed/without hope
निराशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिराश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्रतिगच्छन्तिthey go back/return
प्रतिगच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
अतिथेःof the guest
अतिथेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अप्रतिग्रहात्from non-reception/non-acceptance (failure to welcome)
अप्रतिग्रहात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रतिग्रह
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

धर्म उवाच

D
Dharma
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
D
Devas (gods)
A
Agni (sacred fires)
A
Atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

Hospitality to an atithi is a direct dharmic obligation. If a guest is not properly received, the household loses the goodwill and ‘presence’ of the gods, ancestors, and sacred fires—signifying loss of religious merit and auspicious support.

Dharma is instructing on righteous conduct (ācāra) in the Anuśāsana Parva, emphasizing that neglecting a guest is not merely discourteous; it disrupts the household’s ritual-moral economy tied to devas, pitṛs, and agni.