Shloka 33

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

Devanagari script

अथोपतिष्ठेदादित्यमुदयन्तं समाहितः / मन्त्रैस्तु विविधैः सौरेरृग्यजुः सामसंभवैः

Transliteration

athopatiṣṭhedādityamudayantaṃ samāhitaḥ / mantraistu vividhaiḥ saurerṛgyajuḥ sāmasaṃbhavaiḥ

Translation

അനന്തരം മനസ്സിനെ ഏകാഗ്രമാക്കി ഉദയിക്കുന്ന ആദിത്യന്റെ സന്നിധിയിൽ നിലകൊണ്ട്, ഋഗ്-യജുസ്-സാമജന്യമായ വിവിധ സൗരമന്ത്രങ്ങളാൽ അവനെ പൂജിക്കണം।

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Avyaya (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb/particle (निपात), ‘then/now’

• उपतिष्ठेत्: should worship/attend
• उपतिष्ठेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-√sthā (स्था) (धातु)
• Form: Vidhi-liṅ (Optative), Ātmanepada, 3rd Person, Singular; ‘should attend upon/stand near (in worship)’

• आदित्यम्: the Sun (Āditya)
• आदित्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āditya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd), Singular

• उदयन्तम्: rising
• उदयन्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa of ‘आदित्यम्’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ud-√i (इ) (धातु)
• Form: Present Active Participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular; ‘rising’

• समाहितः: with concentrated mind
• समाहितः: Viśeṣaṇa of implied worshipper (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ā-√dhā (धा) (धातु)
• Form: Past Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘collected/concentrated’

• मन्त्रैः: with mantras
• मन्त्रैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd), Plural

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Avyaya (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis

• विविधैः: various
• विविधैः: Viśeṣaṇa of ‘मन्त्रैः’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vividha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural; qualifying ‘मन्त्रैः’

• सौरेः: solar
• सौरेः: Viśeṣaṇa (source)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saura (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular used in sense ‘from/pertaining to Sūrya’; qualifying ‘संभवैः’

• ऋक्: Ṛg (Rigveda)
• ऋक्: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛc (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st), Singular; first member in dvandva list

• यजुः: Yajus (Yajurveda)
• यजुः: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yajus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular; second member in list

• साम-संभवैः: born from Sāman (Sāmaveda)
• साम-संभवैः: Viśeṣaṇa of ‘मन्त्रैः’
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sāman + saṃbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural; ‘arising from Sāman’ (तत्पुरुष: साम्नः संभवा:) qualifying ‘मन्त्रैः’

Speaker

Narratorial/Instructional voice within the Purva-bhaga (dharma-vidhi passage)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Aditya (Surya)
• Rigveda
• Yajurveda
• Samaveda

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By emphasizing samāhita (collected awareness) during worship, the verse points to inner steadiness as the basis for realizing the Self; the outer rite becomes effective when grounded in concentrated consciousness.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It highlights disciplined attention (samādhāna) at dawn and mantra-japa/recitation aligned with Vedic revelation—an integration of ritual upāsanā with yogic mental one-pointedness.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Indirectly, it reflects the Purāṇic synthesis by treating Vedic, deity-focused upāsanā (here, Sūrya) as a legitimate doorway to the one divine reality revered across Shaiva and Vaishnava frameworks.