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Shloka 79

Cosmic Manifestation, Mahāmāyā’s Mandate, Varṇāśrama-Dharma, and the Unity of the Trimūrti

तपसा कर्षितो ऽत्यर्थं यस्तु ध्यानपरो भवेत् / सांन्यासिकः स विज्ञेयो वानप्रस्थाश्रमे स्थितः

tapasā karṣito 'tyarthaṃ yastu dhyānaparo bhavet / sāṃnyāsikaḥ sa vijñeyo vānaprasthāśrame sthitaḥ

തപസ്സാൽ അത്യന്തം ക്ഷീണിച്ച്, ധ്യാനത്തിൽ സദാ പരനായിരിക്കുന്നവൻ—വാനപ്രസ്ഥാശ്രമത്തിൽ നിലകൊണ്ടിരിക്കുമ്പോഴും—‘സാന്യാസികൻ’ (സന്ന്യാസഭാവമുള്ളവൻ) എന്നു അറിയണം।

tapasāby austerity
tapasā:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन
karṣitaḥemaciated; worn down
karṣitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√kṛṣ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past passive participle): ‘drawn/leaned/afflicted’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
atyarthamexcessively; extremely
atyartham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootati-artha (अव्ययभाव/प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्यय (adverb)
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle), विशेषार्थ (indeed/but)
dhyāna-paraḥdevoted to meditation
dhyāna-paraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhyāna + para (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: ‘ध्याने परः’ (intent on meditation); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
bhavetshould be
bhavet:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
sāṃnyāsikaḥa renunciant (sannyāsin-type)
sāṃnyāsikaḥ:
Pratijñā/Predicate nominal (प्रत्ययार्थ/नाम)
TypeNoun
Rootsāṃnyāsika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vijñeyaḥis to be known (as)
vijñeyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√jñā (धातु)
Formयत्/तव्यत्-प्रत्ययार्थ (gerundive): ‘to be known/recognized’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vānaprastha-āśramein the vānaprastha stage
vānaprastha-āśrame:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location-state)
TypeNoun
Rootvānaprastha + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘वानप्रस्थस्य आश्रमः’; पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
sthitaḥsituated; abiding
sthitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√sthā (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्यय (past participle): ‘standing/remaining’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing on dharma and yoga-oriented varnashrama ideals

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

K
Kurma
V
Vishnu
V
Varnashrama Dharma
T
Tapas
D
Dhyana
V
Vānaprastha
S
Sannyāsa

FAQs

By prioritizing dhyāna (meditative absorption) over external status, the verse implies that inner realization and detachment—turning awareness toward the Self—defines true renunciation.

It highlights tapas (austerity/discipline) leading to dhyāna-paratā (single-minded meditation). The emphasis is on sustained contemplative practice as the mark of an inward sannyāsa even within vānaprastha.

While not naming Shiva directly, the verse reflects the Purana’s shared yogic-ascetic ideal (tapas and dhyāna) that underlies both Vaishnava and Shaiva paths, pointing to a unified spiritual discipline rather than sectarian difference.