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Shloka 38

Sūrya-vaṃśa Genealogy and the Supremacy of Tapas: Gāyatrī-Japa, Rudra-Darśana, and Śatarudrīya Upadeśa

विश्वामित्र उवाच यो ऽग्निः सर्वात्मको ऽनन्तः स्वयंभूर्विश्वतोमुखः / स रुद्रस्तपसोग्रेण पूज्यते नेतरैर्मखैः

viśvāmitra uvāca yo 'gniḥ sarvātmako 'nantaḥ svayaṃbhūrviśvatomukhaḥ / sa rudrastapasogreṇa pūjyate netarairmakhaiḥ

വിശ്വാമിത്രൻ പറഞ്ഞു—സർവാത്മകനായ, അനന്തനായ, സ്വയംഭുവായ, വിശ്വതോമുഖനായ ആ അഗ്നി; അവൻ തന്നെയാണ് രുദ്രൻ, അവൻ ഉഗ്രമായ തപസ്സാൽ പൂജിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു, മറ്റുയജ്ഞങ്ങളാൽ മാത്രം അല്ല।

विश्वामित्रःViśvāmitra
विश्वामित्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्व-अमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (विश्वं मित्रं यस्य)
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक
अग्निःAgni; fire
अग्निः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सर्वात्मकःwhose nature is all; all-pervading
सर्वात्मकः:
Karta-visheshana (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व-आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (सर्वस्य आत्मा/स्वरूपं यस्य)
अनन्तःendless; infinite
अनन्तः:
Karta-visheshana (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम्
स्वयम्भूःself-born
स्वयम्भूः:
Karta-visheshana (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वयम्-भू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (स्वयम् भवति)
विश्वतोमुखःfacing everywhere; having faces in all directions
विश्वतोमुखः:
Karta-visheshana (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्वतः-मुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अव्ययीभावः (विश्वतः = सर्वतः, ततो मुखम्)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
रुद्रःRudra
रुद्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तपसःof austerity
तपसः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
उग्रेणby fierce (austerity)
उग्रेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; ‘तपसा’ इत्यर्थे साधनवाचक
पूज्यतेis worshipped
पूज्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपूज् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive)
not
:
Pratishedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)
इतरैःby other
इतरैः:
Karana-visheshana (करणविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्
मखैःby sacrifices (makhas)
मखैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

Vishvamitra

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: shanta

A
Agni
R
Rudra
T
Tapas
M
Makha (Yajna)

FAQs

It identifies the divine Fire as sarvātmaka—present as the Self in all beings—and as ananta and svayaṃbhū, indicating an unconditioned, self-existent reality that pervades all directions (viśvatomukhaḥ).

The verse prioritizes tapas—disciplined inner heat through austerity, restraint, and sustained yogic effort—over external ritual performance, aligning worship with interior transformation rather than mere ceremonial action.

By naming the all-pervading Agni-principle as Rudra, it presents divinity as one supreme reality approached through different forms and names—supporting the Kurma Purana’s non-sectarian synthesis where ultimate worship is inward (tapas) rather than exclusively ritualistic.