Shloka 45

Vaitaraṇī: Torments of the Sinful, Sins Enumerated, and the Vaitaraṇī Go-dāna Rite

Devanagari script

मया प्रोक्तं वै मुक्त्यै निदानं चैव सर्वशः / लाभस्तेषां जयस्तेषां कुतस्तेषां पराजयः / येषामिन्दीवरश्यामो हृदयस्थो जनार्दनः

Transliteration

mayā proktaṃ vai muktyai nidānaṃ caiva sarvaśaḥ / lābhasteṣāṃ jayasteṣāṃ kutasteṣāṃ parājayaḥ / yeṣāmindīvaraśyāmo hṛdayastho janārdanaḥ

Translation

മോക്ഷത്തിനുള്ള ഉപായവും അതിന്റെ സമ്പൂർണ്ണ കാരണം-നിദാനവും ഞാൻ എല്ലാം പ്രസ്താവിച്ചു. ആരുടെ ഹൃദയത്തിൽ നീലതാമരവർണ്ണനായ ജനാർദ്ദനൻ വസിക്കുന്നുവോ, അവർക്കു ലാഭമേ ലാഭം, ജയമേ ജയം—അവർക്കു പരാജയം എങ്ങനെ വരും?

Word by Word

• मया: by me
• मया: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया (करण/कर्तृकरण), एकवचन

• प्रोक्तम्: spoken/declared
• प्रोक्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-वच् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगार्थ (spoken/declared)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphasis/assurance)

• मुक्त्यै: for liberation
• मुक्त्यै: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• निदानम्: cause/means
• निदानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निदान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक

• एव: just/indeed
• एव: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात

• सर्वशः: in every way/entirely
• सर्वशः: Kriya-visheshaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वशः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषणम् (in every way/entirely)

• लाभः: gain
• लाभः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लाभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तेषाम्: for them/of them
• तेषाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम

• जयः: victory
• जयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तेषाम्: for them/of them
• तेषाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• कुतः: whence/how
• कुतः: Nipata (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कुतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रश्नार्थक (interrogative particle: whence/how)

• तेषाम्: for them/of them
• तेषाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• पराजयः: defeat
• पराजयः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराजय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• येषाम्: of whom/for whom
• येषाम्: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• इन्दीवर-श्यामः: dark like a blue lotus
• इन्दीवर-श्यामः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इन्दीवर (प्रातिपदिक) + श्याम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (इन्दीवरवत् श्यामः)

• हृदय-स्थः: dwelling in the heart
• हृदय-स्थः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हृदय (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (हृदये स्थितः)

• जनार्दनः: Janardana (Vishnu)
• जनार्दनः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (Janardana) speaking to Garuda (Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Liberation’s means and rationale are fulfilled for those with Janārdana abiding in the heart; divine indwelling ensures spiritual victory.

Vedantic Theme: Antaryāmin/inner Lord; bhakti as stabilizing power that overcomes saṃsāric defeat; grace aligned with inner remembrance.

Application: Cultivate constant remembrance of Viṣṇu (heart-centered devotion); in adversity, return to nāma/smaraṇa to maintain courage and ethical steadiness.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana: emphasis on Viṣṇu-smaraṇa and nāma as protective and liberating (contextual); Garuda Purana: mokṣa-sādhana summaries concluding sections (contextual)

Characters & Entities

• Janardana
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of keeping Janardana in the heart in the Garuda Purana?

This verse states that when Janārdana is firmly established in one’s heart, spiritual success is assured—such a person naturally attains gain and victory, and defeat (spiritual downfall) has no foothold.

How does this verse relate to the soul’s journey described in the Garuda Purana?

In the Preta Kanda context—where fear, judgment, and post-death passages are discussed—this verse emphasizes an inner refuge: devotion and remembrance of Viṣṇu as the decisive support leading toward liberation rather than bondage.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate steady Viṣṇu-smaraṇa (remembrance), devotional practice, and ethical living so the mind rests in the Divine—reducing fear and strengthening spiritual resilience in life and at death.