Shloka 129
प्लक्षद्वीपवर्णनम्
Description of Plakṣa-dvīpa
Devanagari script
विशन्तिर्निवसंत्यस्मिन्प्रजा यस्माच्चतुर्विधाः / तस्माद्वर्षमिति प्रोक्तं प्रजानां सुखदं यतः
Transliteration
viśantirnivasaṃtyasminprajā yasmāccaturvidhāḥ / tasmādvarṣamiti proktaṃ prajānāṃ sukhadaṃ yataḥ
Translation
ഇതിൽ നാലുവിധ പ്രജകൾ പ്രവേശിച്ച് വസിക്കുന്നതിനാൽ ഇതിനെ ‘വർഷം’ എന്നു പറയുന്നു; അത് പ്രജകൾക്ക് സുഖം നൽകുന്നതാകുന്നു.
Word by Word
viśantithey enter
viśanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootviś (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन)
nivasantिthey dwell
nivasantि:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni + vas (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन)
asminin this
asmin:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)
prajāḥcreatures; people
prajāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)
yasmātbecause; from which
yasmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Ablative (पञ्चमी) Singular (एकवचन)
catur-vidhāḥfourfold
catur-vidhāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcatur (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या) + vidhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound (numeral-determinative); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with prajāḥ
tasmāttherefore; from that
tasmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun (तद्), Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Ablative (पञ्चमी) Singular (एकवचन)
varṣama region/tract (varṣa)
varṣam:
Karma (कर्म/object of 'proktaṃ')
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), quotative particle (इति-प्रयोगः)
proktamis said/called
proktam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + vac (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Past Passive Participle (क्त/कर्मणि), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); impersonal passive: 'it is said'
prajānāmof creatures/people
prajānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी) Plural (बहुवचन)
sukha-damgiving happiness
sukha-dam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक) + da (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound (upapada: 'giver of'); Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया) Singular (एकवचन); agrees with varṣam
yataḥbecause
yataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/cause marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय) used as causal relative (यतः = because/wherefrom)