Shloka 12
Pṛthivyāyāma-vistara (Extent and Divisions of the Earth) / पृथिव्यायामविस्तरः
Devanagari script
द्वीपो ह्युपनिविष्टो ऽयं म्लेच्छैरन्तेषु सर्वशः / पूर्वे किराता ह्यस्यान्ते पश्चिमे यवनाः स्मृताः
Transliteration
dvīpo hyupaniviṣṭo 'yaṃ mlecchairanteṣu sarvaśaḥ / pūrve kirātā hyasyānte paścime yavanāḥ smṛtāḥ
Translation
ഈ ദ്വീപിന്റെ അതിരുകളിലൊക്കെയും മ്ലേച്ഛർ വസിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു. ഇതിന്റെ കിഴക്കേ അറ്റത്ത് കിരാതരും പടിഞ്ഞാറേ അറ്റത്ത് യവനരും എന്നു സ്മരിക്കപ്പെടുന്നു.
Word by Word
dvīpaḥthe island
dvīpaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdvīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (indeed)
upaniviṣṭaḥsettled/inhabited
upaniviṣṭaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootupaniviṣṭa (कृदन्त; √viś 'to enter' with upa+ni)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (past participle)
ayamthis
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
mlecchaiḥby mlecchas (foreigners)
mlecchaiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent; passive construction)
TypeNoun
Rootmleccha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
anteṣuat the borders/ends
anteṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootanta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन
sarvaśaḥeverywhere
sarvaśaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvaśas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb) 'everywhere/entirely'
pūrvein the east
pūrve:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; दिक्शब्द (direction term)
kirātāḥKirātas
kirātāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkirāta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात
asyaof this (island)
asya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
anteat the end/border
ante:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootanta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
paścimein the west
paścime:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootpaścima (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; दिक्शब्द
yavanāḥYavanas (Greeks/foreigners)
yavanāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyavana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
smṛtāḥare said/are known
smṛtāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicative verbal)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛta (कृदन्त; √smṛ 'to remember/consider')
Formभूतकृदन्त (past passive participle) used predicatively; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग sense 'are called/considered'