Shloka 21
Brahmaṇa-parīkṣā
Examination/Doctrine of the Pitṛs in Śrāddha Context
Devanagari script
गतानि तत्र वर्षाणां पञ्चाशच्च शतानि वै / श्लोकाश्चात्र पुरा गीता ऋषिभिर्ब्रह्मवादिभिः
Transliteration
gatāni tatra varṣāṇāṃ pañcāśacca śatāni vai / ślokāścātra purā gītā ṛṣibhirbrahmavādibhiḥ
Translation
അവിടെ അഞ്ഞൂറ് അമ്പത് വർഷങ്ങൾ കഴിഞ്ഞു; അവിടെയേ മുൻപ് ബ്രഹ്മവാദി ഋഷിമാർ ശ്ലോകങ്ങൾ പാടിയിരുന്നു।
Word by Word
gatāni(have) passed
gatāni:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Predicative qualifier)
TypeVerb
Root√gam (धातु) → gata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; past participle used predicatively
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)
varṣāṇāmof years
varṣāṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन
pañcāśatfifty
pañcāśat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañcāśat (प्रातिपदिक-संख्याशब्द)
Formसङ्ख्यावाचक; नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचनरूपेण (indeclinable-like numeral stem) शतानि इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)
śatānihundreds
śatāni:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśata (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
vaiindeed
vai:
Prayojaka-nipāta (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)
ślokāḥverses
ślokāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootśloka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक निपात (conjunction)
atrahere
atra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; स्थानवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)
purāformerly
purā:
Kāla (काल/Time)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
gītāḥwere sung/recited
gītāḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Predicative qualifier)
TypeVerb
Root√gai (धातु) → gīta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; passive past participle agreeing with ślokāḥ (understood as gītāḥ ślokāḥ)
ṛṣibhiḥby sages
ṛṣibhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Agent-instrument in passive)
TypeNoun
Rootṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
brahmavādibhiḥby those who speak of Brahman
brahmavādibhiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootbrahma-vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (ब्रह्मणः वादी = brahma-vādin); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; ṛṣibhiḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्