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Srimad Bhagavatam — Tritiya Skandha, Shloka 42

Kāla-vibhāga: The Divisions of Time from Atom to Brahmā, and the Lord Beyond Time

तदाहुरक्षरं ब्रह्म सर्वकारणकारणम् । विष्णोर्धाम परं साक्षात्पुरुषस्य महात्मन: ॥ ४२ ॥

tad āhur akṣaraṁ brahma sarva-kāraṇa-kāraṇam viṣṇor dhāma paraṁ sākṣāt puruṣasya mahātmanaḥ

അതുകൊണ്ട് പരമപുരുഷോത്തമനായ ശ്രീകൃഷ്ണൻ സർവ്വ കാരണങ്ങളുടെയും മൂലകാരണമെന്നു പ്രസിദ്ധൻ. അതിനാൽ വിഷ്ണുവിന്റെ പരമധാമം സംശയമില്ലാതെ നിത്യമാണ്; അതേ ധാമം തന്നെയാണ് എല്ലാ പ്രകടനങ്ങളുടെയും ആദിയായ മഹാവിഷ്ണുവിന്റെയും വാസസ്ഥാനം.

tatthat (reality)
tat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन); sarvanāma (pronoun)
āhuḥthey said/declare
āhuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootah (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Bahuvacana (plural); parasmaipada
akṣaramimperishable
akṣaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootakṣara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
brahmaBrahman
brahma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
sarva-kāraṇa-kāraṇamthe cause of all causes
sarva-kāraṇa-kāraṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + kāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + kāraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana (एकवचन); ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa sense: 'of all causes' + 'cause' (sarva-kāraṇānāṁ kāraṇam)
viṣṇoḥof Viṣṇu
viṣṇoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
dhāmaabode; effulgence
dhāma:
Viśeṣya (विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootdhāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
paramsupreme
param:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
sākṣātdirectly
sākṣāt:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsākṣāt (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'directly/manifestly'
puruṣasyaof the Person (Puruṣa)
puruṣasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (एकवचन)
mahātmanaḥof the great-souled
mahātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Ṣaṣṭhī (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana (एकवचन); karmadhāraya: mahān ātmā yasya/yaḥ

Lord Mahā-Viṣṇu, who is resting in yoga-nidrā on the Causal Ocean and creating innumerable universes by His breathing process, only temporarily appears in the mahat-tattva for the temporary manifestation of the material worlds. He is a plenary portion of Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, and thus although He is nondifferent from Lord Kṛṣṇa, His formal appearance in the material world as an incarnation is temporary. The original form of the Personality of Godhead is actually the svarūpa, or real form, and He eternally resides in the Vaikuṇṭha world (Viṣṇuloka). The word mahātmanaḥ is used here to indicate Mahā-Viṣṇu, and His real manifestation is Lord Kṛṣṇa, who is called parama, as confirmed in the Brahma-saṁhitā:

V
Viṣṇu
P
Puruṣa (Supreme Person)

FAQs

This verse states that the imperishable Brahman is understood as the cause of all causes and is identified with the supreme abode of Lord Viṣṇu—the direct transcendental realm of the Supreme Person.

Śukadeva Gosvāmī speaks this as part of his teachings to King Parīkṣit while explaining cosmic principles, including time and the Absolute Reality.

By remembering that the ultimate shelter is Viṣṇu’s supreme abode and the Supreme Person Himself, one can prioritize bhakti, detach from temporary anxieties, and align daily choices with spiritual goals like liberation and devotion.