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Shloka 19

Diti’s Puṁsavana Vow, Indra’s Intervention, and the Birth of the Maruts

मरुतश्च दिते: पुत्राश्चत्वारिंशन्नवाधिका: । त आसन्नप्रजा: सर्वे नीता इन्द्रेण सात्मताम् ॥ १९ ॥

marutaś ca diteḥ putrāś catvāriṁśan navādhikāḥ ta āsann aprajāḥ sarve nītā indreṇa sātmatām

ദിതിയുടെ ഗർഭത്തിൽ നിന്ന് നാല്പത്തൊമ്പത് മരുത് ദേവന്മാരും ജനിച്ചു. അവർക്കാര്ക്കും സന്തതി ഉണ്ടായില്ല. അവർ ദിതിജരായിരുന്നാലും, ഇന്ദ്രൻ അവരെ ദേവസ്ഥാനത്ത് സ്ഥാപിച്ച് തന്റെ സമത്വത്തിലേക്ക് ഉയർത്തി.

मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
and
:
सम्बन्ध (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)
दितेःof Diti
दितेः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठीविभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; in apposition to मरुतः)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
चत्वारिंशत्forty
चत्वारिंशत्:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootचत्वारिंशत् (संख्याप्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्या-शब्द (numeral), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचनार्थे (used with plural sense), अव्ययवत्/अविकारी (indeclinable-like in form)
नव-अधिकाःwith nine additional (i.e., forty-nine)
नव-अधिकाः:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier of मरुतः/पुत्राः)
TypeAdjective
Rootनव (संख्याप्रातिपदिक) + अधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpuruṣa; 'nine more'), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
तेthey
ते:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
आसन्were
आसन्:
क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
अप्रजाःwithout progeny
अप्रजाः:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Predicate adjective of ते)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- (नञ्) + प्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); नञ्-समासार्थ (privative: without offspring)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier of ते)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
नीताःled/brought
नीताः:
कर्म (Karma; subject of passive sense—'they were led')
TypeVerb
Rootनी (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (Past Passive Participle), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
इन्द्रेणby Indra
इन्द्रेण:
करण (Karaṇa/Agent-instrument; by Indra)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
सात्मताम्to oneness/identity (with him)
सात्मताम्:
गति/कर्म (Gati/Karma; state attained)
TypeNoun
Rootसात्मता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine)

Apparently even demons can be elevated to positions as demigods when their atheistic character is reformed. There are two kinds of men throughout the universe. Those who are devotees of Lord Viṣṇu are called demigods, and those who are just the opposite are called demons. Even the demons can be transformed into demigods, as the statement of this verse proves.

D
Diti
I
Indra
M
Maruts

FAQs

The Maruts are forty-nine sons of Diti; in this verse they are described as childless and later brought by Indra into unity with him.

In the narrative, Indra transforms a potential enmity into cooperation—bringing Diti’s sons into alignment with him so they function as a harmonious group rather than rivals.

Even after conflict, one can seek reconciliation through alignment of purpose—turning opposition into cooperative service for a higher order.