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Shloka 40

Śrī Rāmacandra-avatāra — Vow, Exile, Laṅkā-vijaya, and Rāma-rājya

Concise Bhāgavata Account

पादुके न्यस्य पुरत: प्राञ्जलिर्बाष्पलोचन: । तमाश्लिष्य चिरं दोर्भ्यां स्‍नापयन् नेत्रजैर्जलै: ॥ ३९ ॥ रामो लक्ष्मणसीताभ्यां विप्रेभ्यो येऽर्हसत्तमा: । तेभ्य: स्वयं नमश्चक्रे प्रजाभिश्च नमस्कृत: ॥ ४० ॥

pāduke nyasya purataḥ prāñjalir bāṣpa-locanaḥ tam āśliṣya ciraṁ dorbhyāṁ snāpayan netrajair jalaiḥ

ഭരതൻ ശ്രീരാമചന്ദ്രന്റെ പാദുകകൾ മുന്നിൽ വെച്ച് കൈകൂപ്പി നിന്നു; കണ്ണുകൾ കണ്ണീരാൽ നിറഞ്ഞിരുന്നു. രാമൻ ഇരുകൈകളാൽ ദീർഘനേരം ആലിംഗനം ചെയ്ത് തന്റെ കണ്ണീരാൽ ഭരതനെ സ്നാനിപ്പിച്ചു. തുടർന്ന് സീതയും ലക്ഷ്മണനും കൂടെ രാമൻ ബ്രാഹ്മണന്മാരെയും കുടുംബത്തിലെ മുതിർന്നവരെയും നമസ്കരിച്ചു; അയോധ്യയിലെ പ്രജകളും പ്രഭുവിന് പ്രണാമം അർപ്പിച്ചു.

pādukethe two sandals
pāduke:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpādukā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (feminine/स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Dvitīyā (accusative/द्वितीया), Dvivacana (dual/द्विवचन)
nyasyahaving placed
nyasya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootni√as (धातु) + ल्यप् (absolutive/क्त्वान्त)
FormKṛdanta: Absolutive (ल्यप्/क्त्वा), meaning ‘having placed’
purataḥin front
purataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpuratas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable/अव्यय), adverb of place (स्थानवाचक)
prāñjaliḥwith folded hands
prāñjaliḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootprāñjali (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (masculine/पुंलिङ्ग), Prathamā (nominative/प्रथमा), Ekavacana (singular/एकवचन); adjective used substantively ‘with joined palms’
bāṣpa-locanaḥtear-eyed
bāṣpa-locanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbāṣpa (प्रातिपदिक) + locana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्राय) ‘eyes (locana) with tears (bāṣpa)’
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; pronoun
āśliṣyahaving embraced
āśliṣya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootā√śliṣ (धातु) + ल्यप् (absolutive)
FormKṛdanta: Absolutive (ल्यप्/क्त्वा), ‘having embraced’
ciramfor a long time
ciram:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootcira (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable), adverb of time (कालवाचक)
dorbhyāmwith (his) two arms
dorbhyām:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdor (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā (instrumental/तृतीया), Dvivacana; ‘with (two) arms’
snāpayanwashing (him)
snāpayan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsnāpay (सणिजन्त causative of √snā/√snai) (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Present active participle (शतृ/शानच्), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ‘causing to bathe/washing’
netrajaiḥwith (those) from the eyes
netrajaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnetra (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa ‘born from the eyes’
jalaiḥwith waters
jalaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter/नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
rāmaḥRama
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
lakṣmaṇa-sītābhyāmwith Lakshmana and Sita
lakṣmaṇa-sītābhyām:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootlakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva-samāsa; Tṛtīyā (instrumental) / Pañcamī (ablative) Dvivacana; here instrumental sense ‘together with Lakṣmaṇa and Sītā’
viprebhyaḥto the brāhmaṇas
viprebhyaḥ:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Caturthī (dative/चतुर्थी), Bahuvacana
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; relative pronoun
arha-sattamāḥmost worthy
arha-sattamāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootarha (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Karmadhāraya ‘the best (sattama) among the worthy (arha)’
tebhyaḥto them
tebhyaḥ:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Caturthī (dative) / Pañcamī (ablative), Bahuvacana; here dative ‘to them’
svayampersonally
svayam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb (स्वयम्)
namaḥsalutation
namaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnamas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya; interjection/particle of salutation (नमः)
cakredid/made (offered)
cakre:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (धातु)
FormLiṭ (perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथमपुरुष), Ekavacana; Parasmaipada
prajābhiḥby/with the citizens
prajābhiḥ:
Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)
namaskṛtaḥ(he) was saluted
namaskṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootnamas + √kṛ (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: Past passive participle (क्त), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ‘having been saluted’
Ś
Śrī Rāma
B
Bharata
L
Lakṣmaṇa
S
Sītā
B
brāhmaṇas
C
citizens (prajā)

FAQs

This verse shows Bharata’s intense bhakti: he places Rama’s sandals before him, folds his hands, embraces Rama, and his tears become an offering—revealing devotion expressed through humility and heartfelt emotion.

Rama demonstrates maryādā (ideal conduct): honoring the most worthy brāhmaṇas and accepting the citizens’ respect, showing that true leadership is grounded in dharma and reverence for spiritual authority.

Practice humility and gratitude: respect spiritually mature people, honor teachers and elders, and let devotion be expressed through sincere service and heartfelt prayer rather than mere formality.