Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 42

Avadhūta’s Teachers: Python, Ocean, Moth, Bee, Elephant, Deer, Fish—and Piṅgalā’s Song of Detachment

आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो गोप्ता निर्विद्येत यदाखिलात् । अप्रमत्त इदं पश्येद् ग्रस्तं कालाहिना जगत् ॥ ४२ ॥

ātmaiva hy ātmano goptā nirvidyeta yadākhilāt apramatta idaṁ paśyed grastaṁ kālāhinā jagat

സകല ജഗത്തും കാലമെന്ന സർപ്പം ഗ്രസിച്ചിരിക്കുന്നു എന്നു ജീവി കാണുമ്പോൾ, അവൻ ജാഗ്രതയോടെ എല്ലാ ഇന്ദ്രിയഭോഗങ്ങളിൽ നിന്നും വിരക്തനാകുന്നു. അപ്പോൾ ജീവി സ്വയം തന്നെ തന്റെ രക്ഷകനാകാൻ യോഗ്യനാകുന്നു.

ātmāthe self
ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
evaalone/indeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (emphatic particle), अव्यय
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अव्यय
ātmanaḥof the self
ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग
goptāprotector
goptā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgoptṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)
nirvidyetashould become dispassionate
nirvidyeta:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootnir + vid (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kala (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
akhilātfrom everything/entirely
akhilāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootakhila (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपञ्चमी (Ablative/अपादान), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)
apramattaḥvigilant/not careless
apramattaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota-pramatta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; नञ्-समास (negation); विशेषण
idamthis
idam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग
paśyetshould see
paśyet:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
grastamseized
grastam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootgras (धातु) → grasta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP/क्त), द्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग (agreeing with jagat)
kāla-ahināby the serpent of time
kāla-ahinā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक) + ahi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (serpent of time)
jagatthe world
jagat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjagat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

In this verse, Piṅgalā states that by the Lord’s mercy a self-realized soul can see that the entire universe is existing within the jaws of the great serpent of time. Certainly this is not a promising situation, and one who sees it loses his desire for sense gratification. Thus, by the Lord’s causeless mercy, the spiritually sane living entity can protect himself from illusion.

K
King Yadu
D
Dattātreya (Avadhūta)

FAQs

This verse states that the world is being swallowed by the serpent of time, so a seeker should stay alert and cultivate detachment, recognizing the inevitable passage of time and mortality.

In instructing Yadu, the Avadhuta emphasizes personal responsibility in spiritual life: liberation depends on one’s own awakened awareness and detachment, not on external supports that are themselves subject to time.

Live with conscious urgency: remember life’s impermanence, avoid complacency in habits that deepen attachment, and prioritize steady sādhana and clarity about what truly endures.