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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 4

Varṇāśrama-dharma as a Path to Bhakti

Yuga-dharma Origins, Universal Virtues, Brahmacarya and Gṛhastha Duties

पुरा किल महाबाहो धर्मं परमकं प्रभो । यत्तेन हंसरूपेण ब्रह्मणेऽभ्यात्थ माधव ॥ ३ ॥ स इदानीं सुमहता कालेनामित्रकर्शन । न प्रायो भविता मर्त्यलोके प्रागनुशासित: ॥ ४ ॥

purā kila mahā-bāho dharmaṁ paramakaṁ prabho yat tena haṁsa-rūpeṇa brahmaṇe ’bhyāttha mādhava

ഉദ്ധവൻ പറഞ്ഞു—ഹേ മഹാബാഹു പ്രഭോ! ഹേ മാധവ, മുമ്പ് നിങ്ങൾ ഹംസരൂപത്തിൽ ബ്രഹ്മാവിനോട് साधകനു പരമസുഖം നൽകുന്ന പരമധർമ്മം ഉപദേശിച്ചു. ഹേ അമിത്രകർശനാ! ഇപ്പോൾ മഹത്തായ കാലം കഴിഞ്ഞതിനാൽ, മുൻപ് ഉപദേശിച്ച ആ ധർമ്മം മർത്ത്യലോകത്തിൽ പ്രായേണ ഇല്ലാതാകും.

purāformerly
purā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; kāla-avyaya
kilaindeed/it is said
kila:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkila (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; nipāta
mahā-bāhoO mighty-armed one
mahā-bāho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
dharmaṁdharma
dharmaṁ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
paramakamsupreme
paramakam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparamaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
prabhoO Lord
prabho:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootprabhu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
yatwhich
yat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṁsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
tenaby that
tena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormTṛtīyā, Ekavacana
haṁsa-rūpeṇain swan-form
haṁsa-rūpeṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Roothaṁsa + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṁsaka, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana
brahmaṇeto Brahmā
brahmaṇe:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Caturthī, Ekavacana
abhyātthayou spoke
abhyāttha:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√āh (धातु)
FormLuṅ (Aorist), Madhyama, Ekavacana, Parasmaipada
mādhavaO Mādhava
mādhava:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmādhava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
saḥthat (dharma)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
idānīmnow
idānīm:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootidānīm (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; kāla-avyaya
su-mahatāby very great
su-mahatā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (अव्यय) + mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTṛtīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of kālena
kālenaby time
kālena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana
amitra-karśanaO crusher of enemies
amitra-karśana:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootamitra + karśana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; niṣedha
prāyaḥgenerally
prāyaḥ:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprāyaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb
bhavitāwill be
bhavitā:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
FormLuṭ (Periphrastic Future), Prathama, Ekavacana, Parasmaipada
martya-lokein the mortal world
martya-loke:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmartya + loka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana
prākformerly
prāk:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprāk (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; kāla-avyaya
anuśāsitaḥtaught
anuśāsitaḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootanu-√śās (धातु) + kta
FormKta (PPP), Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
U
Uddhava
K
Kṛṣṇa (Mādhava)
B
Brahmā
H
Haṁsa (Hamsa avatāra)

FAQs

This verse states that although the Lord once taught the highest dharma to Brahmā, with the passing of great time that teaching is scarcely found in the mortal world—indicating dharma’s gradual obscuration in later ages.

Uddhava recalls an ancient, authoritative revelation—Kṛṣṇa as Haṁsa instructing Brahmā—to emphasize that true dharma originates from the Lord, and to request that Kṛṣṇa restate it now because it has become rare on earth.

Take shelter of śāstra and the Lord’s teachings as preserved in Bhāgavata wisdom—seeking clarity through genuine guru-sādhu-śāstra—since time can obscure dharma’s original form.