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Srimad Bhagavatam — Dvadasha Skandha, Shloka 48

Kriyā-yoga, the Virāṭ-Puruṣa Mapping, and the Sun-God’s Monthly Expansions

सामर्ग्यजुर्भिस्तल्ल‍िङ्गैऋर्षय: संस्तुवन्त्यमुम् । गन्धर्वास्तं प्रगायन्ति नृत्यन्त्यप्सरसोऽग्रत: ॥ ४७ ॥ उन्नह्यन्ति रथं नागा ग्रामण्यो रथयोजका: । चोदयन्ति रथं पृष्ठे नैऋर्ता बलशालिन: ॥ ४८ ॥

sāmarg-yajurbhis tal-liṅgair ṛṣayaḥ saṁstuvanty amum gandharvās taṁ pragāyanti nṛtyanty apsaraso ’grataḥ

സൂര്യദേവന്റെ സ്വരൂപം വെളിപ്പെടുത്തുന്ന സാമ, ഋഗ്, യജുർവേദ സ്തുതികളാൽ ഋഷിമാർ അവനെ പുകഴ്ത്തുന്നു. ഗന്ധർവർ ഗാനം പാടുന്നു; അപ്സരസ്സുകൾ അവന്റെ രഥത്തിന് മുമ്പിൽ നൃത്തം ചെയ്യുന്നു. നാഗങ്ങൾ രഥത്തിന്റെ കയറുകൾ മുറുക്കുന്നു; യക്ഷർ കുതിരകളെ രഥത്തിൽ കെട്ടുന്നു; ബലശാലികളായ രാക്ഷസർ പിന്നിൽ നിന്ന് രഥം തള്ളിച്ചലിപ്പിക്കുന്നു।

unnahyantiharness/strap on
unnahyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootud-nah (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
rathamthe chariot
ratham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
nāgāḥthe Nāgas
nāgāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
grāmaṇyaḥthe chiefs/leaders
grāmaṇyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (appositional with rathayojakāḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootgrāmaṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); leader/chief (of a troop/village)
ratha-yojakāḥchariot-harnessers
ratha-yojakāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootratha + yojaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: “chariot” + “yoker/harnessers”
codayantiurge/drive
codayanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootcud (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
rathamthe chariot
ratham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
pṛṣṭheat the back/behind
pṛṣṭhe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpṛṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
nairṛtāḥthe Nairṛtas
nairṛtāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnairṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); beings of Nirṛti/demons of the southwest
bala-śālinaḥstrong/powerful
bala-śālinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (qualifier of nairṛtāḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootbala + śālin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa: “strength” + “possessing”
Ṛṣis
G
Gandharvas
A
Apsarās

FAQs

This verse describes sages praising the Lord with Sāma, Ṛg, and Yajur hymns, showing that Vedic sound and glorification are offerings of devotion.

They represent celestial arts—song and dance—used in the Lord’s glorification, illustrating that all refined abilities find perfection in devotional service.

Offer your voice and attention daily through chanting, singing, or reciting sacred texts—turning talent and time into remembrance of the Divine.