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Shloka 45

Jarāsandha’s Siege of Mathurā, Kṛṣṇa-Balarāma’s Victory, and the Founding of Dvārakā amid Kālayavana’s Threat

तं द‍ृष्ट्वाचिन्तयत् कृष्ण: सङ्कर्षणसहायवान् । अहो यदूनां वृजिनं प्राप्तं ह्युभयतो महत् ॥ ४५ ॥

taṁ dṛṣṭvācintayat kṛṣṇaḥ saṅkarṣaṇa sahāyavān aho yadūnāṁ vṛjinaṁ prāptaṁ hy ubhayato mahat

അവനെ കണ്ടപ്പോൾ, സങ്കർഷണന്റെ സഹായത്തോടെ ഉണ്ടായിരുന്ന ശ്രീകൃഷ്ണൻ ആലോചിച്ചു പറഞ്ഞു—“അഹോ! യദുക്കൾക്ക് ഇരു വശത്തുനിന്നും മഹാ ഭീഷണി വന്നിരിക്കുന്നു।”

tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object of dṛṣṭvā (refers to yavanaḥ)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
FormAbsolutive (gerund): 'having seen'
acintayatthought
acintayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√cint (धातु)
FormLaṅ lakāra (imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; Parasmaipada; 'thought/considered'
kṛṣṇaḥKṛṣṇa
kṛṣṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; subject of acintayat
saṅkarṣaṇa-sahāyavānwith Saṅkarṣaṇa as ally
saṅkarṣaṇa-sahāyavān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṅkarṣaṇa + sahāyavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; adjective to kṛṣṇaḥ: 'having Saṅkarṣaṇa as helper'
ahoalas!/oh!
aho:
Bhāva-prakāśa (भाव-प्रकाश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; exclamation/particle
yadūnāmof the Yadus
yadūnām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootyadu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī (genitive, 6th), Bahuvacana; 'of the Yadus'
vṛjinamcalamity; misfortune
vṛjinam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛjina (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā (nom/acc), Ekavacana; here nominative as subject of prāptam: 'calamity has come'
prāptamhas befallen; has come
prāptam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√āp (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormKta-participle (past passive participle), Napuṁsaka, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; predicative: 'has come/has befallen'
hiindeed
hi:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; emphatic particle
ubhayataḥfrom both sides
ubhayataḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootubhayatas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb meaning 'from both sides'
mahatgreat
mahat:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुṁsaka, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; adjective qualifying vṛjinam

We may note here that although Śrī Kṛṣṇa had defeated Jarāsandha seventeen times against tremendous odds, He did not immediately annihilate the army of Kālayavana, thus keeping intact the benediction granted to Gārgya by Lord Śiva, as explained in the previous purport.

K
Kṛṣṇa
S
Saṅkarṣaṇa (Balarāma)
Y
Yadus

FAQs

In this verse, Kṛṣṇa observes that the Yadus are facing a “great misfortune” from both directions, highlighting how worldly dangers can converge—yet the Lord remains fully aware and acts with divine strategy.

Śukadeva describes Kṛṣṇa’s inner reflection upon seeing the immediate threat in the narrative context of Jarāsandha’s pressure and related dangers, recognizing the Yadus’ peril as twofold and urgent.

When problems seem to come from multiple sides, this verse encourages steadiness: assess clearly, seek wise support (like Kṛṣṇa with Balarāma), and respond thoughtfully rather than panic.