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Shloka 18

Kṛṣṇa Visits Trivakrā; Akrūra’s Praise and the Hastināpura Mission

युवां प्रधानपुरुषौ जगद्धेतू जगन्मयौ । भवद्भ‍य‍ां न विना किञ्चित्परमस्ति न चापरम् ॥ १८ ॥

yuvāṁ pradhāna-puruṣau jagad-dhetū jagan-mayau bhavadbhyāṁ na vinā kiñcit param asti na cāparam

നിങ്ങൾ ഇരുവരും ആദി പരമപുരുഷന്മാർ—ജഗത്തിന്റെ കാരണവും ജഗത്തിന്റെ സ്വരൂപവും. നിങ്ങളില്ലാതെ സൂക്ഷ്മകാരണമോ പ്രകടഫലമോ ഒന്നുമില്ല.

युवाम्you two
युवाम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual)
प्रधान-पुरुषौthe Pradhāna and the Puruṣa
प्रधान-पुरुषौ:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रधान + पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); कर्मधारयः: प्रधानौ च तौ पुरुषौ
जगत्-हेतूthe causes of the universe
जगत्-हेतू:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootजगत् + हेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: जगतः हेतू
जगत्-मयौpervading/constituted of the universe
जगत्-मयौ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootजगत् + मय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual); तत्पुरुषः: जगता मयौ = consisting of the universe; विशेषणम् yuvām
भवद्भ्याम्by/with you two
भवद्भ्याम्:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootभवत् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), द्विवचन (Dual)
not
:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)
विनाwithout
विना:
Apavarga/Viśeṣaṇa (अपवर्ग/विशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविना (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (preposition/adverb) ‘without’; योगे तृतीया/पञ्चमी; here with bhavadbhyām (Instr.)
किञ्चित्anything
किञ्चित्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Indefinite pronoun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
परम्supreme/other (as ‘higher’)
परम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषणम् (kincit)
अस्तिexists
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपदी; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)
nor/not
:
Nishedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
अपरम्inferior/other (as ‘lower’)
अपरम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषणम् (kincit)

After praising Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma for having saved Their dynasty, Akrūra now points out that the Lord actually has no mundane connection with any social or political institution. He is the original Personality of Godhead, performing His pastimes for the benefit of the entire universe.

A
Akrura
K
Krishna
B
Balarama

FAQs

This verse states that the two fundamental principles—pradhāna (material nature) and puruṣa (the Supreme Person)—are the universe’s cause and also pervade it, and that nothing exists independent of them.

On his journey to meet Them, Akrura realizes Their divine identity and offers prayers acknowledging Them as the ultimate reality behind both matter and spirit.

Seeing all situations as dependent on the Supreme reduces anxiety and pride, encouraging humility, devotion, and responsible action without the illusion of independence.