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Shloka 8

Uddhava Meets the Gopīs: Bhramara-gītā and Kṛṣṇa’s Message of Separation

खगा वीतफलं वृक्षं भुक्त्वा चातिथयो गृहम् । दग्धं मृगास्तथारण्यं जारा भुक्त्वा रतां स्‍त्रियम् ॥ ८ ॥

khagā vīta-phalaṁ vṛkṣaṁ bhuktvā cātithayo gṛham dagdhaṁ mṛgās tathāraṇyaṁ jārā bhuktvā ratāṁ striyam

പക്ഷികൾ ഫലം തീർന്ന വൃക്ഷത്തെ ഉപേക്ഷിക്കുന്നു; അതിഥികൾ ഭക്ഷണം കഴിച്ച് വീട്ടിൽ നിന്ന് പോകുന്നു; മൃഗങ്ങൾ കത്തിപ്പോയ കാടിനെ വിടുന്നു; അതുപോലെ ജാരൻ ഭോഗിച്ച ശേഷം, അവനോട് ആസക്തയായിരിക്കുന്ന രതസ്ത്രീയെയും ഉപേക്ഷിക്കുന്നു.

khagāḥbirds
khagāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkhaga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
vīta-phalamdevoid of fruit
vīta-phalam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvīta + phala (प्रातिपदिक; √vī/vi + क्त, + phala)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (vītāni phalāni yasmāt = from which fruits are gone)
vṛkṣama tree
vṛkṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛkṣa (प्रातिपदik)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
bhuktvāhaving eaten/enjoyed
bhuktvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhuj (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), पूर्वकाल (having eaten/enjoyed)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)
ātithayaḥguests
ātithayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootātithya/ātithi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
gṛhama house
gṛham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
dagdhamburnt
dagdham:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdagdha (प्रातिपदिक; √dah + क्त)
Formक्त (Past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
mṛgāḥdeer/animals
mṛgāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
tathālikewise
tathā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकार/समुच्चयार्थ (likewise/so)
araṇyama forest
araṇyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootaraṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
jārāḥparamours
jārāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन
bhuktvāhaving enjoyed
bhuktvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhuj (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund), पूर्वकाल (having enjoyed)
ratāmone who is attached/engaged (in love)
ratām:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootratā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
striyama woman
striyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
U
Uddhava
K
Krishna
G
Gopis

FAQs

The gopīs express the pain of separation by giving examples of how others take enjoyment and then leave—birds and trees, guests and homes, animals and forests, and a lover and a woman—implying that Kṛṣṇa, after enchanting them with His love, has departed from Vraja.

Overwhelmed by viraha (separation), the gopīs’ love becomes intense and paradoxical: their apparent criticism is actually an expression of exclusive devotion and helpless longing, voiced before Uddhava who has brought Kṛṣṇa’s message.

The verse teaches single-pointed remembrance: even in absence or difficulty, keep the heart fixed on Kṛṣṇa, transforming pain into prayer, sincerity, and deeper dependence on divine grace.