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Shloka 12

Akrūra’s Prayers (Akrūra-stuti): The Lord as Cause of Causes, Virāṭ, and the Goal of All Paths

तुभ्यं नमस्ते त्वविषक्तद‍ृष्टये सर्वात्मने सर्वधियां च साक्षिणे । गुणप्रवाहोऽयमविद्यया कृत: प्रवर्तते देवनृतिर्यगात्मसु ॥ १२ ॥

tubhyaṁ namas te tv aviṣakta-dṛṣṭaye sarvātmane sarva-dhiyāṁ ca sākṣiṇe guṇa-pravāho ’yam avidyayā kṛtaḥ pravartate deva-nṛ-tiryag-ātmasu

നിനക്കു നമസ്കാരം—ആസക്തിയില്ലാത്ത ദൃഷ്ടിയോടെ എല്ലാരെയും കാണുന്ന സർവ്വാത്മാവേ, എല്ലാ ബുദ്ധികളുടെയും സാക്ഷിയേ. അവിദ്യയാൽ സൃഷ്ടമായ ഗുണപ്രവാഹം ദേവ-മനുഷ്യ-തിര്യക് ദേഹങ്ങളിൽ ശക്തമായി ഒഴുകുന്നു.

tubhyamto you
tubhyam:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (pronoun), Caturthī (Dative/चतुर्थी), Ekavacana
namaḥsalutation
namaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Salutation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnamas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya-like indeclinable interjection (नमः), used with dative
teto you
te:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive) or Caturthī (Dative) Ekavacana; here with ‘namaḥ’ = Dative sense (‘to you’)
tuindeed/but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (particle), contrast/emphasis
aviṣakta-dṛṣṭayeto (you) of unattached vision
aviṣakta-dṛṣṭaye:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Recipient of salutation)
TypeNoun
Rootaviṣakta (कृदन्त; √sañj/√saj with vi-, negated) + dṛṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Caturthī (Dative), Ekavacana; Samāsa: karmadhāraya—‘aviṣaktā dṛṣṭiḥ’ = unattached vision; used as epithet in dative with ‘namaḥ’
sarva-ātmaneto the Self of all
sarva-ātmane:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (Masculine), Caturthī (Dative), Ekavacana; Samāsa: tatpuruṣa—‘sarvasya ātmā’ = the Self of all
sarva-dhiyāmof all understandings
sarva-dhiyām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation to ‘sākṣiṇe’)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + dhi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive), Bahuvacana; Samāsa: tatpuruṣa—‘sarvāḥ dhiyaḥ’ = all intellects
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction (च)
sākṣiṇeto the witness
sākṣiṇe:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootsākṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (Masculine), Caturthī (Dative), Ekavacana
guṇa-pravāhaḥthe flow of the guṇas
guṇa-pravāhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + pravāha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative), Ekavacana; Samāsa: tatpuruṣa—stream/flow of qualities
ayamthis
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Puṁliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā, Ekavacana
avidyayāby ignorance
avidyayā:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootavidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Tṛtīyā (Instrumental/तृतीया), Ekavacana
kṛtaḥmade/produced
kṛtaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Predicative (predicate participle)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛ (धातु)
FormKta (past passive participle/क्त), Puṁliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā, Ekavacana; agrees with ‘pravāhaḥ’
pravartateproceeds/continues
pravartate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra√vṛt (धातु)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana, Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
deva-nṛ-tiryag-ātmasuamong gods, humans, and animals (embodied beings)
deva-nṛ-tiryag-ātmasu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locus)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + nṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + tiryag (प्रातिपदिक) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (Masculine), Saptamī (Locative), Bahuvacana; Samāsa: dvandva enumeration—devas, humans, animals; ‘ātmasu’ = ‘in the embodied beings’
U
Uddhava
S
Sri Krishna

FAQs

This verse declares Krishna as the witness of all minds and the Soul of all beings—fully aware of every thought yet never entangled by them.

In the mood of humility and devotion, Uddhava glorifies Krishna’s transcendence—unattached, all-pervading, and the inner witness—while acknowledging how ignorance drives conditioned life through the guṇas.

Recognize moods and habits as movements of the guṇas rather than the true self, and cultivate devotion and inner detachment by remembering the Lord as the steady witness within.