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Shloka 13

Aghāsura-vadha: The Killing and Deliverance of Aghāsura

अथाघनामाभ्यपतन्महासुर- स्तेषां सुखक्रीडनवीक्षणाक्षम: । नित्यं यदन्तर्निजजीवितेप्सुभि: पीतामृतैरप्यमरै: प्रतीक्ष्यते ॥ १३ ॥

athāgha-nāmābhyapatan mahāsuras teṣāṁ sukha-krīḍana-vīkṣaṇākṣamaḥ nityaṁ yad-antar nija-jīvitepsubhiḥ pītāmṛtair apy amaraiḥ pratīkṣyate

പ്രിയപ്പെട്ട രാജാവേ, പിന്നീട് അഘാസുരൻ എന്ന വലിയ അസുരൻ അവിടെ എത്തി. കുട്ടികളുടെ സന്തോഷകരമായ കളി അവന് സഹിക്കാൻ കഴിഞ്ഞില്ല. ദേവന്മാർ പോലും അവന്റെ മരണം കാത്തിരിക്കുകയായിരുന്നു.

athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connecting particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable); discourse particle (अनन्तरार्थक/आरम्भसूचक)
agha-nāmā(the demon) named Agha
agha-nāmā:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootagha + nāman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुषः—‘अघ’ इति नाम यस्य (name: Agha)
abhyapatatattacked, rushed upon
abhyapatat:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√pat (पत् धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, aorist), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Singular; ‘fell upon/attacked’
mahā-asuraḥthe great demon
mahā-asuraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/apposition to subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + asura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; कर्मधारयः—‘महान् असुरः’
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)
sukha-krīḍana-vīkṣaṇa-akṣamaḥunable to tolerate seeing their joyful play
sukha-krīḍana-vīkṣaṇa-akṣamaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of agha-nāmā/mahā-asuraḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukha + krīḍana + vīkṣaṇa + akṣama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः—‘सुखक्रीडनस्य वीक्षणे अक्षमः’ (unable to bear seeing their happy play)
nityamalways
nityam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (indeclinable); adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
yatwhich
yat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relative)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (प्रथमा/द्वितीया), Singular; relative pronoun introducing clause
antaḥwithin
antaḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative sense)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootantaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb ‘within/inside’
nija-jīvita-ipsubhiḥby those who desire their own life
nija-jīvita-ipsubhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता in passive construction; agent-instrumental)
TypeNoun
Rootnija + jīvita + ipsu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural; तत्पुरुषः—‘निजजीवितम् इप्सवः’ (those desiring their own life)
pīta-amṛtaiḥhaving drunk nectar
pīta-amṛtaiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of amaraiḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootpīta (√pā, पी धातु; क्त) + amṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural; कर्मधारयः—‘पीतम् अमृतम् यैः’ (having drunk nectar)
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (अपि = even/also)
amaraiḥby the immortals (gods)
amaraiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता in passive construction; agent-instrumental)
TypeNoun
Rootamara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural
pratīkṣyateis awaited, is expected
pratīkṣyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootprati-√īkṣ (ईक्ष् धातु)
FormLaṭ (लट्, present), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Singular; passive/impersonal sense ‘is awaited/expected’

One may ask how Kṛṣṇa’s pastimes could be interrupted by a demon. Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura answers this question by saying that although the transcendental pleasure being enjoyed by the cowherd boys could not be stopped, unless they stopped the transcendental pleasure of their various activities they could not eat their lunch. Therefore at lunchtime Aghāsura appeared by the arrangement of Yoga-māyā, so that for the time being they could stop their activities and take lunch. Changing varieties is the mother of enjoyment. The cowherd boys would continuously play, then stop, and then again enjoy in a different way. Therefore every day a demon would come and interrupt their sporting pastimes. The demon would be killed, and then the boys would engage again in their transcendental pastimes.

A
Aghāsura
K
Kṛṣṇa
V
Vraja-gopāla boys (cowherd boys)
A
Amarāḥ (the devas)

FAQs

This verse shows that Aghāsura could not tolerate even the sight of Kṛṣṇa and the boys happily playing; demonic nature is characterized by envy toward divine joy and devotion.

Even though the devas drink nectar and seek to preserve their lives, they still yearn within their hearts to behold Kṛṣṇa’s intimate Vraja-līlā, indicating its supreme spiritual sweetness beyond heavenly pleasures.

Choose association and activities that increase remembrance of Kṛṣṇa’s līlā and protect your heart from envy; spiritual progress grows by appreciating devotees’ joy rather than resenting it.