Mantra 4

Sukta 58

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

बट् सूर्य श्रवसा महाँ असि सत्रा देव महाँ असि । मह्ना देवानामसुर्यः पुरोहितो विभु ज्योतिरदाभ्यम्

IAST Transliteration

baṭ sū́rya śrávasā mahā́n asi satrā́ deva mahā́n asi | mahnā́ devā́nām asuryáḥ puróhito vibhú jyótir adā́bhyam

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Yea, O Sūrya, by glory thou art great; ever, O God, thou art great. By might—lordly among the gods—set foremost as their priest, all-pervading, a light that none may foil.

Translation

ഹേ സൂര്യാ, ശ്രവസാ (യശസ്/പ്രഭ) കൊണ്ടു നീ മഹാനാണ്; ഹേ ദേവാ, സദാ നീ മഹാനാണ്. ദേവന്മാരിൽ അസുര്യ (പ്രഭുത്വശാലി)നായ നീ മഹിമയാൽ പുരോഹിതനായി മുൻപിൽ സ്ഥാപിതൻ; സർവ്വവ്യാപി, അദാഭ്യ (അജേയ)മായ ജ്യോതി നീയാണ്.

Word by Word

• बत्: indeed; O! (exclamatory particle)
• बत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बत् (निपात) / बट् (निपात) पारम्परिकः

• सूर्य: O Sun
• सूर्य: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• श्रवसा: by fame; by glory
• श्रवसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• महान्: great
• महान्: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / विधेय-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• सत्रा: always; altogether; continually
• सत्रा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सत्रा (अव्यय) पारम्परिकः

• देव: O god
• देव: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• महान्: great
• महान्: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / विधेय-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• मह्ना: by greatness; by might
• मह्ना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: महन / मह्न (प्रातिपदिक; ‘महन्’ इत्यस्य तृतीया-एकवचन-रूपम्) पारम्परिकः

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive) / षष्ठी
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• असुर्यः: mighty; lordly (asura-like)
• असुर्यः: Kartā (विशेषणम्) / विधेय-विशेषणम्
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असुर्य (प्रातिपदिक) < असुर (प्रातिपदिक) + य (तद्धित) पारम्परिकः

• पुरोहितः: the priest set in front; household priest
• पुरोहितः: Kartā / विधेय-नाम
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरोहित (प्रातिपदिक) < पुरस् + धा/हि (कृदन्त-निर्माणः) पारम्परिकः

• विभु: all-pervading; mighty
• विभु: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विभु (प्रातिपदिक) < वि + भू (धातु) (कृदन्त/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक) पारम्परिकः

• ज्योतिः: light; radiance
• ज्योतिः: Kartā / विधेय-नाम
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अदाभ्यम्: unassailable; not to be harmed/deceived
• अदाभ्यम्: Kartā (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अदाभ्य (प्रातिपदिक) < अ- (निषेध) + दभ् (धातु ‘to harm/deceive’) + य (कृदन्त/विशेषण) पारम्परिकः

Attribution

Rishi: RV-source tradition (AV 20 compilation); r̥ṣi follows the underlying RV hymn attribution.

Devata: Sūrya

Chandas: RV meter (likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī); requires RV source collation for certainty.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"Recognition of greatness → assertion of sovereignty → sealing into inviolable protection.","listener_experience":"Empowered calm; feeling guarded by a pervasive, undefeatable clarity.","intensity":6}