Sutra 3
Devanagari script
सत्यं शपथो वा चलः संधिः प्रतिभूः प्रतिग्रहो वा स्थावरः इत्याचार्याः ॥ कZ_०७.१७.०३ ॥
Transliteration
satyaṃ śapatho vā calaḥ saṃdhiḥ pratibhūḥ pratigraho vā sthāvaraḥ ityācāryāḥ
Translation
ആചാര്യർ പറയുന്നു—സത്യതയോ ശപഥമോ വഴി ‘ചല/സ്ഥിതിനിർഭര’ സന്ധി; ജാമ്യക്കാരനോ പണയം/ബദ്ധകമോ സ്വീകരിക്കുന്നതിലൂടെ ‘സ്ഥാവര/സ്ഥിര’ സന്ധി.
Word by Word
सत्यम्truthfulness; a truthful declaration (as a means of assurance)
सत्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (अत्र परिभाषा-रूपेण)
शपथःan oath
शपथः:
TypeNoun
Rootशपथ
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय
चलःmovable; unstable
चलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootचल
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम्
संधिःtreaty; alliance; agreement
संधिः:
TypeNoun
Rootसंधि
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
प्रतिभूःsurety; guarantor
प्रतिभूः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिभू
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; ऊ-प्रत्ययान्त (भू धातोः)
प्रतिग्रहःacceptance; receiving (as a security/pledge)
प्रतिग्रहः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिग्रह
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय
स्थावरःimmovable; stable
स्थावरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थावर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन; विशेषणम्
इतिthus; so (quotative)
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
Formइत्यर्थक अव्यय; उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थे
आचार्याःthe teachers (authorities)
आचार्याः:
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन
Entities Mentioned
Ā
ācārya (teachers)Ś
śapatha (oath)P
pratibhū (guarantor)P
pratigraha (pledge)FAQs
Cala treaties rely on moral commitment (truth/oath) and are easier to revise or break; sthāvara treaties rely on enforceable securities (guarantor/pledge) and are harder to violate.