Sangrama Adhyaya 5 Sutra 13 - Arthashastra | Malayalam | Vedapath

Kautilya

Sutra 13

Devanagari script

पञ्चचत्वारिंशदेवं रथा रथव्यूहे भवन्ति द्वे शते पञ्चविंशतिश्चाश्वाः षट्शतानि पञ्चसप्ततिश्च पुरुषाः प्रतियोधारः तावन्तः पादगोपाः ॥ कZ_१०.५.१३ ॥

Transliteration

pañcacatvāriṃśad evaṃ rathā rathavyūhe bhavanti dve śate pañcaviṃśatiś cāśvāḥ ṣaṭśatāni pañcasaptatiś ca puruṣāḥ pratiyodhāraḥ tāvantaḥ pādagopāḥ

Translation

ഇങ്ങനെ രഥ-വ്യൂഹത്തിൽ നാല്പത്തഞ്ച് രഥങ്ങൾ; ഇരുനൂറ്റി ഇരുപത്തഞ്ച് കുതിരകൾ; അറുനൂറ്റി എഴുപത്തഞ്ച് പേർ പ്രതിയോധകർ; കൂടാതെ അതേ എണ്ണത്തിൽ പാദ-രക്ഷകർ ഉണ്ടാകും.

Word by Word

पञ्चचत्वारिंशत्forty-five

एवम्thus; in this manner

रथाःchariots

रथव्यूहेin the chariot-formation (battle array)

भवन्तिare; become; amount to

द्वेtwo

शतेhundreds (two hundred)

पञ्चविंशतिःtwenty-five

चand

अश्वाःhorses

षट्six

शतानिhundreds (six hundred)

पञ्चसप्ततिःseventy-five

चand

पुरुषाःmen; personnel

प्रतियोधारःcounter-combatants; fighters (assigned to engage the enemy)

तावन्तःas many (the same number)

पादगोपाःfoot-guards; infantry guards

Entities Mentioned

45 chariots

225 horses

675 fighters

675 foot-guards

FAQs

What ratio logic is implied by 45 chariots → 225 horses → 675 fighters?

A scalable establishment table: 5 horses per chariot and 3 fighters per horse, producing predictable totals for planning.

Why state totals explicitly if ratios already exist?

Totals reduce calculation errors in mobilization and auditing, and serve as a canonical ‘authorized strength’ benchmark.