Shloka 16

सदाचार-नियमाः: शील, संयम, संग-निषेध, शुचिता, वाणी-नीति, परोपकारः

Devanagari script

नानार्यान् आश्रयेत् कांश्चिन् न जिह्मं रोचयेद् बुधः उपसर्पेत न व्यालांश् चिरं तिष्ठेन् न चोत्थितः

Transliteration

nānāryān āśrayet kāṃścin na jihmaṃ rocayed budhaḥ upasarpeta na vyālāṃś ciraṃ tiṣṭhen na cotthitaḥ

Translation

ຜູ້ມີປັນຍາບໍ່ຄວນຊອກຫາບ່ອນເພິ່ງພິງກັບຄົນຊົ່ວ, ຫຼື ຍິນດີໃນຄວາມຄົດໂກງ. ລາວບໍ່ຄວນເຂົ້າໄປໃກ້ຜູ້ທີ່ເປັນຄືກັບງູ.

Word by Word

• नानार्यान्: non-noble people
• नानार्यान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: न-अार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (न + आर्य) = ‘अनार्य’

• आश्रयेत्: should resort to / take refuge in
• आश्रयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-श्रि (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• कांश्चित्: any (persons)
• कांश्चित्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; अनिश्चितार्थक (indefinite)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• जिह्मम्: crookedness; deceit
• जिह्मम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जिह्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भाव/वस्तुनिर्देशः

• रोचयेत्: should approve/choose; should make pleasing
• रोचयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच् (धातु) [णिच्]
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोगः (causative)

• बुधः: the wise man
• बुधः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उपसर्पेत: should approach
• उपसर्पेत: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-सृप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• व्यालान्: snakes; dangerous creatures
• व्यालान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्याल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• चिरम्: for long
• चिरम्: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• तिष्ठेत्: should stand/stay
• तिष्ठेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• उत्थितः: having risen; standing up
• उत्थितः: Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उत्-स्था (धातु) → उत्थित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (बुधः)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara

FAQs

What is the significance of avoiding anārya (ignoble) association in the Vishnu Purana?

This verse treats companionship as spiritually formative: relying on the unrighteous breeds crooked behavior, while distance from them protects dharma and inner steadiness.

How does Sage Parāśara explain practical dharma through daily conduct here?

He frames dharma as visible habits—do not depend on the base-minded, do not enjoy deceit, avoid treacherous people, and maintain balanced steadiness rather than impulsive movement.

The theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Though Vishnu is not named in the verse, the ethical restraint taught here functions as alignment with dharma—understood in the Purana as the order ultimately upheld by Vishnu as the sovereign ground of the cosmos.