Mantra 4
Rishi: Traditionally associated with Hiraṇyagarbha hymn seers (ṛgvedic background; anukramaṇī varies)
Devata: Hiraṇyagarbha / Prajāpati (as resolved in brāhmaṇa exegesis)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
हि॒र॒ण्य॒ग॒र्भः सम॑वर्त॒ताग्रे॑ भू॒तस्य॑ जा॒तः पति॒रेक॑ आसीत् । स दा॑धार पृथि॒वीं द्यामु॒तेमां कस्मै॑ दे॒वाय॑ ह॒विषा॑ विधेम
Transliteration
hiraṇyagárbhaḥ sám avartatā́gre bhūtásya jātáḥ pátir éka āsīt | sá dā́dhāra pṛthivī́ṃ dyā́m utémā́ṃ kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema ||
Translation
The Golden Germ arose in the beginning; born as the sole lord of what hath come to be. He upheld this earth and yonder heaven: to what god shall we offer worship with oblation?
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
हिरण्य-गर्भः । सम्-अवर्तत । अग्रे । भूतस्य । जातः । पतिः । एकः । आसीत् । सः । दाधार । पृथिवीम् । द्याम् । उत । इमाम् । कस्मै । देवाय । हविषा । विधेम ।
Word by Word
हिरण्यगर्भःHiraṇyagarbha (the Golden Embryo/Creator)
हिरण्यगर्भः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्यगर्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
सम्together, completely (prefix)
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग)
अवर्ततcame into being / arose
अवर्तत:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (वर्तते) / √वृत् (to turn, to come into being)
अग्रेin the beginning, at the front/first
अग्रे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun (adverbial)
Rootअग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
भूतस्यof what has become / of the created being
भूतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootभूत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √भू + क्त)
जातःborn, arisen
जातः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective (participial)
Rootजात (कृदन्त; √जन् + क्त)
पतिःlord, master
पतिः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
एकःone, sole
एकः:
कर्तृ (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (to be)
सःhe
सः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दाधारsupported, upheld
दाधार:
—
TypeVerb
Root√धृ (to hold, support)
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक)
द्याम्the heaven/sky
द्याम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (निपात)
इमाम्this (one)
इमाम्:
कर्म (पृथिवीम् इति विशेषण/अन्वयः)
TypePronoun (demonstrative)
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
कस्मैto whom?
कस्मै:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun (interrogative)
Rootक (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम)
देवायto (which) god
देवाय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
हविषाwith oblation
हविषा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विधेमmay we offer / should we perform
विधेम:
—
TypeVerb
Root√धा (वि + √धा; to place, to offer, to perform)
Entities Mentioned
A
AgniD
Devāḥ (collectively)B
Brahman (as first principle)V
VenaRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes