Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 42

पार्वत्याः यात्रासंस्कारः तथा पातिव्रत्योपदेशः / Preparations for Girijā’s Auspicious Journey and the Teaching on Pātivratya

Devanagari script

सर्पिर्लवणतैलादिक्षयेपि च पतिव्रता । पतिं नास्तीति न ब्रूयादायासेषु न योजयेत्

Transliteration

sarpirlavaṇatailādikṣayepi ca pativratā | patiṃ nāstīti na brūyādāyāseṣu na yojayet

Translation

ແມ່ນແຕ່ນ້ຳມັນເນີຍ (ghee) ເກືອ ນ້ຳມັນ ແລະຂອງໃຊ້ໃນເຮືອນອື່ນໆ ໝົດໄປ ແມ່ຍິງຜູ້ຮັກສາພັນທະຕໍ່ຜົວ ບໍ່ຄວນເວົ້າວ່າ «ຜົວຂ້ອຍບໍ່ມີ/ບໍ່ເປັນປະໂຫຍດ» ແລະບໍ່ຄວນບັງຄັບໃຫ້ຜົວເຮັດວຽກຫນັກເກີນໄປ.

Word by Word

• sarpiḥ: ghee
• sarpiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarpiṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana

• lavaṇa-tailādi-kṣaye: when salt, oil, etc. are exhausted
• lavaṇa-tailādi-kṣaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lavaṇa + taila + ādi + kṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: (लवण-तैल-आदि) as qualifier of kṣaya; whole phrase = ‘in the depletion of salt, oil, etc.’

• api: even if
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; concessive particle

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• pativratā: a devoted wife
• pativratā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati + vratā (प्रातिपदिक; पति + व्रता)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa ‘devoted-to-husband woman’

• patim: husband
• patim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (2nd/Accusative), Ekavacana

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha (negation particle)

• asti: is
• asti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्, Present), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle (इति)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• brūyāt: should say
• brūyāt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: Vidhiliṅ-lakāra (विधिलिङ्, Optative), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana

• āyāseṣu: in hardships
• āyāseṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī vibhakti (7th/Locative), Bahuvacana

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• yojayet: should engage (him)
• yojayet: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: yuj (धातु)
• Form: Vidhiliṅ-lakāra (विधिलिङ्, Optative/Causative sense), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; causative usage ‘to engage/put’

Speaker

Sūta Gosvāmin (narrating the Rudra Saṃhitā teaching on pativratā-dharma to the sages)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Umāpati

Shakti Dimension

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: nurturing

Characters & Entities

• Parvati
• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches restraint in speech and compassion in conduct during scarcity: a pativratā maintains dharma by avoiding contemptuous words and by not increasing another’s suffering—qualities aligned with Shaiva ethics of purity (śauca), self-control, and harmonious living.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

In Shaiva Siddhanta, Shiva is Pati (the Lord) and the household order is sustained by honoring dharma; respecting the husband as a dharmic responsibility supports a life oriented toward Saguna Shiva worship (Linga-pūjā), where devotion is expressed through disciplined conduct, not only ritual.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

While no specific rite is mandated in this line, the practical takeaway is daily Shaiva discipline: calm speech, service without resentment, and steady remembrance of Shiva (e.g., japa of “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) especially during hardship.