Rig Veda 8.5.1: Mandala 8, Sukta 5, Mantra 1

Sukta 8.5

Rishi: Kaṇva lineage (Aṣṭaka 8 Kaṇva collection)

Devata: Uṣas (Dawn) (probable from aruṇa + spreading beam imagery; hymn context continues with Aśvins and Uṣas)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable; requires verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

दूरादिहेव यत्सत्यरुणप्सुरशिश्वितत् । वि भानुं विश्वधातनत् ॥

Transliteration

dūrā́d iheva yát satyá aruṇá-psur áśiśvitat | ví bhānúṃ viśvádhā atanat ||

Translation

From far away, as if here before us, the true one, the ruddy-flashing, has gleamed; she has spread her beam in every way.

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Word by Word

• दूरात्: from afar
• दूरात्: अपादान
• Type: Indeclinable (adverbial ablative)
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• इह: here
• इह: अधिकारण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय)

• इव: as if / like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: कर्म (अर्थानुसार) / सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सत्यरुणप्सु: truly ruddy(-gleaming)
• सत्यरुणप्सु: विशेषण (यत्-शब्दस्य)
• Type: Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: सत्य-रुणप्सु (समासित प्रातिपदिक; ‘रुणप्सु’ = अरुण + अप्सु/अप्सस्-सम्बद्ध विशेषण, वैदिक)

• रशिश्वितत्: shining with rays
• रशिश्वितत्: विशेषण (यत्-शब्दस्य)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: रशि-श्वित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) + त् (नपुंसक एकवचन)

• वि: forth / apart
• वि: —
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• भानुम्: light, beam
• भानुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: भानु (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: widely / forth
• वि: —
• Type: Preverb/Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• विश्वधा: in every way
• विश्वधा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विश्वधा (अव्यय)

• अतनत्: stretched/spread
• अतनत्: क्रिया (कर्तृ-अपेक्षा: सः/सा/तत्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √तन् (तनु)