Rig Veda 8.43.30: Mandala 8, Sukta 43, Mantra 30
Sukta 8.43
Devata: Agni
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ते घेदग्ने स्वाध्योऽहा विश्वा नृचक्षसः । तरन्तः स्याम दुर्गहा ॥
Transliteration
té ghéd agne svā́dhyo áhā víśvā nṛ-cákṣasaḥ | tárantaḥ syāma durgáhā ||
Translation
Then indeed, O Agni, may we—seeing as men should see—become masters of all our days; and crossing over, may we pass beyond what is hard to traverse.
Word by Word
तेthey (those)
ते:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
घindeed, surely
घ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootघ (निपात)
इद्just, indeed
इद्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (particle)
Rootइद् (निपात)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वाध्यःself-possessed, having good power/skill
स्वाध्यः:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाधि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्व’ + √धा/धी-भावः) → स्वाध्य-
अहाdays
अहा:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootअहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वाall
विश्वा:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
नृचक्षसःhaving men as witnesses/with human insight; man-seeing
नृचक्षसः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective/Noun (epithet)
Rootनृ-चक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक; नृ ‘man’ + चक्षस् ‘sight/vision’)
तरन्तःcrossing over, overcoming
तरन्तः:
Kartā
TypeVerb-derived participle
Root√तॄ (तरति) वर्तमान-कृदन्तः शतृ
स्यामmay we be
स्याम:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू/अस्) विधिलिङ्
दुर्गहाhard-to-overcome (dangers/straits)
दुर्गहा:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदुर्-गह (प्रातिपदिक; दुर् ‘hard’ + गह ‘to grasp/hold’ → ‘hard to seize/overcome’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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