Rig Veda 5.80.3: Mandala 5, Sukta 80, Mantra 3

Sukta 5.80

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional attribution for RV 5.80)

Devata: Uṣas

Chandas: Jagatī (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

एषा गोभिररुणेभिर्युजानास्रेधन्ती रयिमप्रायु चक्रे । पथो रदन्ती सुविताय देवी पुरुष्टुता विश्ववारा वि भाति ॥

Transliteration

eṣā́ góbhir aruṇébhir yujānā́ asredhantī́ rayím áprāyu cakre | pathó rádantī suvitā́ya devī́ puru-stutā́ viśva-vārā́ ví bhāti ||

Translation

She yokes her ruddy ‘cows’—the rays of dawn—and unwavering she fashions the rayi, the plenitude that does not diminish. Clearing the paths for a glad going, the Goddess, richly praised and bringing all desirable boons, shines out in full manifestation.

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Word by Word

• एषा: this (she)
• एषा: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → एषा

• गोभिः: with cows / with rays (lit. cows)
• गोभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरुणेभिः: with ruddy (reddish) ones
• अरुणेभिः: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अरुण (प्रातिपदिक)

• युजानā: yoking / harnessing
• युजानā: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: युज् (धातु) → युजानā (शानच्)

• अस्र॑ेधन्ती: not slackening / unfailing
• अस्र॑ेधन्ती: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: स्रिध्/स्रेद् (धातु; ‘to fail, be slack’) + अ- (निषेध)

• रयिम्: wealth
• रयिम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अप्रायुः: unfailing / not deficient
• अप्रायुः: (विशेषणम्) कर्म-सम्बन्धी
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अ- + प्रायु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘foregoing, failing, deficient’) → अप्रायु

• चक्रे: has made / has fashioned
• चक्रे: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• पथः: paths
• पथः: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: पथ्/पथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• रदन्ती: cleaving / opening (lit. gnawing)
• रदन्ती: कर्तृ
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: रद् (धातु; ‘to gnaw, bite, tear/open’) → रदन्ती

• सुविताय: for good passage / for welfare
• सुविताय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: सु-वित (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good passage, welfare, good going’) → सुवित

• देवी: the goddess
• देवी: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)

• पुरुष्टुता: much-praised
• पुरुष्टुता: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुरु-स्तुत (प्रातिपदिक; ‘much-praised’) → स्तु (धातु) से निष्पन्न

• विश्ववारा: all-lovely / bestowing all boons
• विश्ववारा: कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्व-वार (प्रातिपदिक; ‘all-choosing / all-beloved / of all boons’) → वर (√वृ ‘to choose’/‘excellent’)

• वि: apart, forth, widely
• वि: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• भाति: shines
• भाति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: भा (धातु)