Rig Veda 4.51.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 51, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.51
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Uṣas
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उच्छन्तीरद्य चितयन्त भोजान्राधोदेयायोषसो मघोनीः । अचित्रे अन्तः पणयः ससन्त्वबुध्यमानास्तमसो विमध्ये ॥
Transliteration
ucchántīr adyá citayanta bhojā́n rādho-deyā́ya uṣáso maghónīḥ | acitré antáḥ paṇáyaḥ sasantu abúdhyamānās támaso ví-madhye ||
Translation
Rising today, the generous Dawns make the enjoyers aware, for the giving of the delight. Let the Panis remain within the colourless obscurity, unawakened in the midst of darkness.
Word by Word
उच्छन्तीःrising (fem. pl.), shining forth
उच्छन्तीः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootउद्-√शि (शयति/शेते) → उच्छन्ती (प्र.प. कृदन्त)
अद्यtoday, now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
चितयन्तthey perceive/notice, they make known
चितयन्त:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√चित् (चेतयति/चितयति)
भोजान्patrons, benefactors
भोजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोज (प्रातिपदिक; √भुज्/भुज् ‘भोग/पालन’ से)
राधःbounty, gift
राधः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराधस् (प्रातिपदिक)
देयायfor giving, to be bestowed
देयाय:
Sampradāna
TypeAdjective
Rootदेय (√दा ‘to give’ से; ‘to be given’)
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
मघोनीःbountiful, generous
मघोनीः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootमघोनी (मघवन्-सम्बद्ध ‘bountiful’)
अचित्रेin the unbright/undistinguished (place), in the dark
अचित्रे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-चित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्तःwithin
अन्तः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तः
पणयःthe Paṇis (niggardly demons/traders)
पणयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootपणि (प्रातिपदिक)
ससन्तुlet them sleep/lie
ससन्तु:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√सस्/√सन् (ससति ‘to sleep/lie’—वैदिक)
अबुध्यमानाःnot awakening, unperceiving
अबुध्यमानाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootअ-√बुध् (बुध्यते) → बुध्यमान (वर्तमान कृदन्त, आत्मनेपद)
तमसःof darkness, from darkness
तमसः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
विमध्येin the middle (apart/within)
विमध्ये:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootवि-मध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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