Rig Veda 4.16.21: Mandala 4, Sukta 16, Mantra 21

Sukta 4.16

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

नू ष्टुत इन्द्र नू गृणान इषं जरित्रे नद्यो न पीपेः । अकारि ते हरिवो ब्रह्म नव्यं धिया स्याम रथ्यः सदासाः ॥

Transliteration

nū́ ṣṭutá índra nū́ gṛṇānó íṣaṃ jaritré nadyò ná pīpeḥ | ákāri te harivo bráhma návyaṃ dhiyā́ syāma rathyàḥ sadāsā́ḥ ||

Translation

Now praised, O Indra, now sung, may you swell the impulsion for the singer as rivers fill and overflow. For you, O bearer of the tawny steeds, a new mantra has been made; by inspired vision may we be fit for the chariot—ever seated in your companionship.

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Word by Word

• नू: now, indeed
• नू: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु

• ष्टुतः: praised
• ष्टुतः: Kartā (वर्ण्यः/स्तुतः = ‘praised one’)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: स्तु (धातु) / स्तुत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• नू: now
• नू: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नु

• गृणानः: praising, singing
• गृणानः: Kartā (वक्ता/स्तोतृ)
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: गृ (धातु) / गृणत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)

• इषम्: refreshment, strength, nourishment
• इषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: इष् (प्रातिपदिक: इषा/इष् ‘बल/आहार/प्रेरणा’)

• जरित्रे: to the singer/praiser
• जरित्रे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• नद्यः: rivers
• नद्यः: Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• पीपेः: you have made (him) drink / you have filled (him)
• पीपेः: Kartā (त्वम् = इन्द्रः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (धातु; ‘पिबति/पाययति’), वैदिक-रूप ‘पीपे’ (परस्मैपद)

• अकारि: I have made, I have fashioned
• अकारि: Kartā (अहम् = स्तोतृ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• ते: for you / of you
• ते: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हरिवः: O you with tawny steeds
• हरिवः: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: हरिवत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘हरि-युक्त’)

• ब्रह्म: sacred formulation, hymn
• ब्रह्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• नव्यम्: new, fresh
• नव्यम्: Karma (विशेषण-समन्वय)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• धिया: with thought, by insight
• धिया: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: धी (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्याम: may we be
• स्याम: Kartā (वयम्)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• रथ्यः: fit for the chariot / chariot-worthy
• रथ्यः: Kartā (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रथ्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• सदासाः: members of the assembly / ever-attendants
• सदासाः: Kartā (विशेषण/अप्पोज़िशन)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सदास (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक ‘सदस्’/‘सदास्’ ‘सभा/सत्र’ अथवा ‘सदा-आस’ ‘ever-sitting’)